Sync template from atomicqms-style deployment

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# Standard Operating Procedure: Document Control
| Document ID | SOP-001 |
|-------------|---------|
| Title | Document Control |
| Revision | 1.0 |
| Effective Date | [DATE] |
| Author | [AUTHOR] |
| Approved By | [APPROVER] |
| Department | Quality Assurance |
---
## 1. Purpose
To establish a procedure for the creation, review, approval, distribution, and control of documents within the Quality Management System.
## 2. Scope
This procedure applies to all controlled documents including:
- Policies
- Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)
- Work Instructions
- Forms and Templates
- Specifications
- External documents of external origin
## 3. Responsibilities
### 3.1 Document Owner
- Responsible for document content and accuracy
- Initiates document creation and revision
- Ensures periodic review is performed
### 3.2 Quality Assurance
- Maintains the document control system
- Assigns document numbers
- Manages document distribution
- Archives obsolete documents
### 3.3 Approvers
- Review and approve documents before release
- Ensure documents are adequate for intended purpose
## 4. Procedure
### 4.1 Document Creation
1. Identify the need for a new document
2. Request document number from Quality Assurance
3. Draft document using appropriate template
4. Include all required header information
5. Submit for review and approval
### 4.2 Document Review and Approval
1. Route document to appropriate reviewers
2. Reviewers provide comments within 5 business days
3. Author addresses all comments
4. Final approval by designated approver
5. Quality Assurance releases document
### 4.3 Document Numbering
Documents shall be numbered according to the following convention:
| Type | Prefix | Example |
|------|--------|---------|
| Policy | POL | POL-001 |
| SOP | SOP | SOP-001 |
| Work Instruction | WI | WI-001 |
| Form | FRM | FRM-001 |
### 4.4 Revision Control
1. All changes require documented justification
2. Changes follow same review/approval process as new documents
3. Revision number increments with each approved change
4. Revision history maintained in document footer
### 4.5 Document Distribution
1. Current versions available in document control system
2. Obsolete versions marked and archived
3. Training on new/revised documents as needed
### 4.6 Periodic Review
1. Documents reviewed at least every 2 years
2. Review documented even if no changes made
3. Reviews may result in revision or reaffirmation
## 5. Related Documents
- FRM-001 Document Change Request Form
- FRM-002 Document Review Record
## 6. Definitions
| Term | Definition |
|------|------------|
| Controlled Document | Document managed under document control system |
| Obsolete | Document no longer valid for use |
| Revision | Updated version of a document |
---
## Revision History
| Rev | Date | Description | Author |
|-----|------|-------------|--------|
| 1.0 | [DATE] | Initial release | [AUTHOR] |

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# Standard Operating Procedure: Corrective and Preventive Action (CAPA)
| Document ID | SOP-002 |
|-------------|---------|
| Title | Corrective and Preventive Action |
| Revision | 1.0 |
| Effective Date | [DATE] |
| Author | [AUTHOR] |
| Approved By | [APPROVER] |
| Department | Quality Assurance |
---
## 1. Purpose
To establish a systematic process for identifying, investigating, correcting, and preventing nonconformities and potential nonconformities.
## 2. Scope
This procedure applies to:
- Product and process nonconformities
- Customer complaints
- Audit findings
- Process deviations
- Potential nonconformities identified through risk analysis
## 3. Definitions
| Term | Definition |
|------|------------|
| Corrective Action | Action to eliminate the cause of a detected nonconformity |
| Preventive Action | Action to eliminate the cause of a potential nonconformity |
| Root Cause | Fundamental reason for a nonconformity |
| Effectiveness Check | Verification that implemented actions achieved desired results |
## 4. Responsibilities
### 4.1 CAPA Owner
- Investigates the issue
- Identifies root cause
- Develops and implements corrective/preventive actions
- Verifies effectiveness
### 4.2 Quality Assurance
- Manages CAPA system
- Assigns CAPA numbers
- Tracks CAPA status
- Reviews and approves CAPAs
- Reports CAPA metrics to management
### 4.3 Management
- Provides resources for CAPA implementation
- Reviews CAPA trends
- Ensures timely closure
## 5. Procedure
### 5.1 CAPA Initiation
1. Identify nonconformity or potential nonconformity
2. Document issue on CAPA Form (FRM-003)
3. Classify severity and priority
4. Assign CAPA owner
### 5.2 Investigation
1. Gather relevant data and evidence
2. Interview personnel involved
3. Review related documents and records
4. Use appropriate investigation tools:
- 5 Whys
- Fishbone Diagram
- Failure Mode Analysis
### 5.3 Root Cause Analysis
1. Identify potential root causes
2. Verify root cause through evidence
3. Document root cause determination
4. Consider systemic implications
### 5.4 Action Development
1. Develop corrective/preventive actions
2. Assign responsibilities and due dates
3. Assess actions for:
- Appropriateness to problem severity
- Impact on other processes
- Resource requirements
### 5.5 Implementation
1. Execute approved actions
2. Document implementation evidence
3. Update affected documents/processes
4. Provide training as needed
### 5.6 Effectiveness Verification
1. Define effectiveness criteria
2. Allow sufficient time for actions to take effect
3. Collect and analyze data
4. Document verification results
5. If ineffective, reopen CAPA for further action
### 5.7 Closure
1. Review all CAPA documentation
2. Verify all actions completed
3. Confirm effectiveness verified
4. Obtain approval for closure
## 6. CAPA Metrics
Quality Assurance shall track and report:
- Number of open CAPAs
- CAPA aging
- On-time closure rate
- Effectiveness rate
- CAPAs by category/source
## 7. Related Documents
- FRM-003 CAPA Form
- SOP-003 Nonconforming Product Control
- SOP-004 Customer Complaints
---
## Revision History
| Rev | Date | Description | Author |
|-----|------|-------------|--------|
| 1.0 | [DATE] | Initial release | [AUTHOR] |

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# Standard Operating Procedure: Training and Competence
| Document ID | SOP-003 |
|-------------|---------|
| Title | Training and Competence |
| Revision | 1.0 |
| Effective Date | [DATE] |
| Author | [AUTHOR] |
| Approved By | [APPROVER] |
| Department | Human Resources / Quality |
---
## 1. Purpose
To ensure personnel performing work affecting product quality are competent based on appropriate education, training, skills, and experience.
## 2. Scope
This procedure applies to:
- All employees performing quality-affecting activities
- Contractors and temporary personnel
- Personnel requiring GxP training
## 3. Responsibilities
### 3.1 Supervisors/Managers
- Identify training needs for their personnel
- Ensure training is completed before performing tasks
- Evaluate competence of personnel
- Maintain department training records
### 3.2 Human Resources
- Coordinate training programs
- Maintain central training database
- Track training compliance
- Archive training records
### 3.3 Quality Assurance
- Develop QMS-related training
- Approve training curricula for GxP activities
- Audit training compliance
### 3.4 Employees
- Complete assigned training on time
- Maintain current qualifications
- Report training needs to supervisor
## 4. Procedure
### 4.1 Training Needs Assessment
1. Identify competence requirements for each role
2. Document requirements in job descriptions
3. Assess current competence of personnel
4. Identify training gaps
### 4.2 Training Curriculum Development
1. Define learning objectives
2. Develop training materials
3. Identify delivery method:
- Classroom
- On-the-job
- Self-study
- Computer-based
4. Define assessment criteria
5. Obtain approval from Quality (for GxP training)
### 4.3 Training Delivery
1. Schedule training session
2. Document attendance
3. Deliver training per curriculum
4. Assess comprehension through:
- Written test (minimum 80% passing)
- Practical demonstration
- Supervisor observation
### 4.4 Training Documentation
Training records shall include:
- Employee name and ID
- Training title and date
- Trainer name and qualifications
- Assessment results
- Signatures
### 4.5 Retraining Requirements
Retraining is required when:
- Significant document revisions occur
- Performance deficiencies identified
- Extended absence from job function
- Periodic requalification due
### 4.6 New Employee Orientation
All new employees shall complete:
1. Company orientation
2. Quality system overview
3. Job-specific training
4. SOP read and understand for applicable procedures
## 5. Training Records Retention
- Training records maintained for duration of employment
- Records retained 3 years after employee departure
- Records available for regulatory inspection
## 6. Related Documents
- FRM-004 Training Record Form
- FRM-005 Training Assessment Form
- Job Descriptions
---
## Revision History
| Rev | Date | Description | Author |
|-----|------|-------------|--------|
| 1.0 | [DATE] | Initial release | [AUTHOR] |

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# Standard Operating Procedure: Internal Audit
| Document ID | SOP-004 |
|-------------|---------|
| Title | Internal Audit |
| Revision | 1.0 |
| Effective Date | [DATE] |
| Author | [AUTHOR] |
| Approved By | [APPROVER] |
| Department | Quality Assurance |
---
## 1. Purpose
To establish a systematic approach for conducting internal audits to verify the effectiveness of the Quality Management System.
## 2. Scope
This procedure covers:
- QMS process audits
- Compliance audits
- Product audits
- System audits
## 3. Definitions
| Term | Definition |
|------|------------|
| Audit | Systematic, independent examination to determine conformance |
| Auditor | Person qualified to perform audits |
| Finding | Observation of conformance or nonconformance |
| Observation | Noted item not rising to level of finding |
## 4. Responsibilities
### 4.1 Lead Auditor
- Plans and schedules audits
- Prepares audit checklists
- Conducts audit activities
- Reports audit findings
### 4.2 Quality Manager
- Maintains audit program
- Qualifies auditors
- Reviews audit reports
- Reports to management
### 4.3 Auditee
- Provides access to areas/records
- Responds to findings
- Implements corrective actions
## 5. Procedure
### 5.1 Annual Audit Schedule
1. Develop annual audit schedule considering:
- Previous audit results
- Process criticality
- Regulatory requirements
- Changes to processes
2. Ensure all QMS processes audited at least annually
3. Obtain management approval
4. Communicate schedule to affected areas
### 5.2 Auditor Qualification
Auditors shall:
- Complete auditor training course
- Conduct at least 2 audits under supervision
- Be independent of area being audited
- Maintain competence through ongoing audits
### 5.3 Audit Preparation
1. Review applicable procedures and standards
2. Review previous audit reports
3. Prepare audit checklist
4. Notify auditee of audit scope and schedule
5. Confirm auditor availability
### 5.4 Conducting the Audit
1. Hold opening meeting with auditee
2. Execute audit checklist
3. Gather objective evidence:
- Document review
- Personnel interviews
- Process observation
4. Document findings with evidence
5. Classify findings:
- Major Nonconformance
- Minor Nonconformance
- Observation
6. Hold closing meeting
### 5.5 Audit Reporting
1. Complete audit report within 5 business days
2. Report shall include:
- Audit scope and criteria
- Personnel interviewed
- Findings with evidence
- Recommendations
3. Distribute report to auditee and management
### 5.6 Finding Resolution
1. Auditee responds with corrective action plan within 10 business days
2. Quality reviews and approves plan
3. Auditee implements corrective actions
4. Auditor verifies effectiveness
5. Close finding upon verification
## 6. Audit Records
Maintain for 5 years:
- Audit schedules
- Checklists
- Reports
- Corrective action records
## 7. Related Documents
- FRM-006 Audit Checklist Template
- FRM-007 Audit Report Template
- SOP-002 CAPA
---
## Revision History
| Rev | Date | Description | Author |
|-----|------|-------------|--------|
| 1.0 | [DATE] | Initial release | [AUTHOR] |

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# Standard Operating Procedure: Management Review
| Document ID | SOP-005 |
|-------------|---------|
| Title | Management Review |
| Revision | 1.0 |
| Effective Date | [DATE] |
| Author | [AUTHOR] |
| Approved By | [APPROVER] |
| Department | Quality Assurance |
---
## 1. Purpose
To ensure top management reviews the Quality Management System at planned intervals to ensure its continuing suitability, adequacy, and effectiveness.
## 2. Scope
This procedure applies to the periodic management review of the QMS, including all processes and quality objectives.
## 3. Frequency
Management reviews shall be conducted:
- At least annually
- More frequently if significant changes occur
- As needed based on quality performance
## 4. Responsibilities
### 4.1 Quality Manager
- Prepares management review agenda and materials
- Facilitates the meeting
- Documents meeting minutes and action items
- Tracks completion of action items
### 4.2 Top Management
- Attends management review meetings
- Reviews QMS performance data
- Makes decisions on QMS improvements
- Allocates resources as needed
### 4.3 Department Managers
- Provides input data for their areas
- Attends management review
- Implements assigned action items
## 5. Management Review Inputs
The following shall be considered:
### 5.1 Actions from Previous Reviews
- Status of action items
- Effectiveness of implemented actions
### 5.2 Changes in Context
- Internal changes (organization, resources)
- External changes (regulations, market)
### 5.3 QMS Performance
- Customer satisfaction and feedback
- Quality objectives achievement
- Process performance metrics
- Nonconformities and corrective actions
- Audit results
- Supplier performance
### 5.4 Resource Adequacy
- Personnel
- Infrastructure
- Work environment
### 5.5 Risk and Opportunities
- Risk assessment results
- Effectiveness of risk controls
- New opportunities identified
### 5.6 Improvement Opportunities
- Process improvements
- Product improvements
- QMS enhancements
## 6. Management Review Outputs
Decisions and actions related to:
- Improvement of QMS and processes
- Product improvement
- Resource needs
- Changes to quality policy or objectives
## 7. Documentation
### 7.1 Meeting Minutes
- Date and attendees
- Items discussed
- Decisions made
- Action items with owners and due dates
### 7.2 Record Retention
- Management review records retained for 5 years
- Available for regulatory inspection
## 8. Related Documents
- FRM-008 Management Review Agenda Template
- FRM-009 Management Review Minutes Template
---
## Revision History
| Rev | Date | Description | Author |
|-----|------|-------------|--------|
| 1.0 | [DATE] | Initial release | [AUTHOR] |

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# Standard Operating Procedure: CT Imaging Protocol
| Document ID | SOP-RAD-001 |
|-------------|-------------|
| Title | Computed Tomography (CT) Imaging Protocol |
| Revision | 1.0 |
| Effective Date | [DATE] |
| Author | [AUTHOR] |
| Approved By | [APPROVER] |
| Department | Radiology/Diagnostic Imaging |
---
## 1. Purpose
To establish standardized procedures for performing computed tomography (CT) examinations to ensure patient safety, optimal image quality, and regulatory compliance with ACR, state, and federal requirements.
## 2. Scope
This procedure applies to all CT examinations including:
- Non-contrast CT studies
- Contrast-enhanced CT studies
- CT angiography (CTA)
- CT-guided procedures
- Emergency/trauma CT
## 3. Responsibilities
### 3.1 CT Technologist
- Screen patients for contraindications
- Position patient properly
- Select and execute protocols
- Assess image quality
- Monitor patient during examination
### 3.2 Radiologist
- Approve protocols
- Supervise contrast administration
- Interpret studies and generate reports
- Manage contrast reactions
### 3.3 Radiology Nurse (if applicable)
- Assess IV access
- Administer contrast
- Monitor for reactions
- Provide patient care
### 3.4 Medical Physicist
- Establish dose optimization protocols
- Perform quality control
- Monitor radiation exposure
## 4. Definitions
| Term | Definition |
|------|------------|
| CTDI | CT Dose Index - measure of radiation output |
| DLP | Dose Length Product - total dose metric |
| HU | Hounsfield Units - density measurement |
| kVp | Kilovoltage peak |
| mAs | Milliampere-seconds |
| MPR | Multiplanar reconstruction |
## 5. Equipment and Materials
- CT scanner (accredited)
- Power injector
- Contrast media (iodinated)
- IV supplies
- Emergency equipment and medications
- Shielding devices
- Patient monitoring equipment
## 6. Procedure
### 6.1 Pre-Examination
#### 6.1.1 Order Verification
- [ ] Valid physician order present
- [ ] Appropriate indication documented
- [ ] Protocol selection appropriate for indication
- [ ] Prior imaging reviewed (if available)
#### 6.1.2 Patient Identification
- Verify using two identifiers
- Confirm exam matches order
- Review clinical history
#### 6.1.3 Safety Screening
**For all patients:**
- [ ] Pregnancy status (women of childbearing age)
- [ ] Previous CT studies (cumulative dose awareness)
- [ ] Ability to cooperate with positioning
- [ ] Metal implants/devices in scan field
**For contrast studies - additional screening:**
| Risk Factor | Check |
|-------------|-------|
| Previous contrast reaction | ☐ Yes ☐ No |
| Allergies (iodine, shellfish) | ☐ Yes ☐ No |
| Kidney disease/elevated creatinine | ☐ Yes ☐ No |
| Diabetes (metformin use) | ☐ Yes ☐ No |
| Thyroid disease | ☐ Yes ☐ No |
| Multiple myeloma | ☐ Yes ☐ No |
| Age >70 years | ☐ Yes ☐ No |
| Dehydration | ☐ Yes ☐ No |
**Renal Function Assessment:**
| eGFR Level | Risk | Action |
|------------|------|--------|
| ≥60 | Low risk | Proceed |
| 45-59 | Moderate risk | Hydration, consider alternatives |
| 30-44 | High risk | Alternative imaging preferred, radiologist approval |
| <30 | Very high risk | Avoid unless emergent, nephrology consult |
#### 6.1.4 Consent
- Explain procedure and risks
- Obtain informed consent for contrast (if applicable)
- Document consent
### 6.2 Patient Preparation
#### 6.2.1 Preparation by Exam Type
| Exam Type | Preparation Required |
|-----------|---------------------|
| Head CT | Remove metallic objects from head/neck |
| Chest CT | Breathing instructions, arms above head |
| Abdomen/Pelvis CT | Oral contrast (if ordered), full bladder (pelvic) |
| CT Angiography | IV access, contrast protocol |
| CT Colonography | Bowel preparation |
#### 6.2.2 IV Access for Contrast
- Assess vein suitability
- 20-gauge or larger preferred for power injection
- Verify patency with saline flush
- Secure catheter properly
### 6.3 Patient Positioning
#### 6.3.1 Standard Positions
| Body Part | Position | Gantry Entry |
|-----------|----------|--------------|
| Head | Supine, neutral | Head first |
| Neck | Supine, neck extended | Head first |
| Chest | Supine, arms up | Head or feet first |
| Abdomen | Supine, arms up | Head first |
| Pelvis | Supine, arms up | Feet first |
| Extremity | Per protocol | Varies |
#### 6.3.2 Positioning Considerations
- Center patient in gantry
- Use positioning aids as needed
- Apply shielding where appropriate
- Ensure patient comfort
- Remove all artifacts from scan field
### 6.4 Protocol Selection and Parameters
#### 6.4.1 Dose Optimization Principles
- ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable)
- Use automatic exposure control (AEC)
- Size-appropriate protocols
- Limit scan range to clinical question
#### 6.4.2 Standard Protocol Parameters
| Protocol | kVp | mAs | Slice Thickness | Pitch |
|----------|-----|-----|-----------------|-------|
| Head routine | 120 | Auto | 5mm | N/A (axial) |
| Chest routine | 120 | Auto | 5mm/1.25mm | 1.0-1.5 |
| Abdomen routine | 120 | Auto | 5mm/2.5mm | 1.0-1.5 |
| CT Angiography | 100-120 | Auto | 0.625-1.25mm | 0.8-1.0 |
| Low-dose chest | 100-120 | Reduced | 1.25mm | 1.0-1.5 |
#### 6.4.3 Pediatric Considerations
- Reduce kVp and mAs based on weight/age
- Use pediatric-specific protocols
- Apply "Image Gently" principles
- Minimize number of phases
### 6.5 Contrast Administration
#### 6.5.1 Contrast Selection
| Indication | Contrast Type | Concentration |
|------------|---------------|---------------|
| Routine enhanced | Low-osmolar | 300-350 mgI/mL |
| CT Angiography | Low-osmolar | 350-370 mgI/mL |
| High-risk patients | Iso-osmolar | 270-320 mgI/mL |
#### 6.5.2 Contrast Volume and Rate
| Exam Type | Volume | Rate |
|-----------|--------|------|
| Head with contrast | 100 mL | 1-2 mL/sec |
| Chest with contrast | 100-125 mL | 2-3 mL/sec |
| Abdomen with contrast | 100-150 mL | 2-3 mL/sec |
| CT Angiography | 75-125 mL | 4-5 mL/sec |
#### 6.5.3 Timing Methods
- Fixed delay (empiric)
- Bolus tracking (threshold trigger)
- Test bolus (timing determination)
### 6.6 Image Acquisition
1. **Scout/Topogram**
- Acquire scout images
- Verify positioning and coverage
- Set scan range
2. **Pre-Contrast (if applicable)**
- Acquire non-contrast images
- Assess for baseline findings
3. **Contrast Injection (if applicable)**
- Verify IV patency
- Program injector parameters
- Monitor injection
4. **Post-Contrast Acquisition**
- Acquire at appropriate phase(s)
- Arterial: 25-35 seconds
- Portal venous: 60-70 seconds
- Delayed: 3-5 minutes (as needed)
5. **Image Review**
- Review images for quality
- Assess for artifacts
- Repeat if technically inadequate
### 6.7 Post-Examination
#### 6.7.1 Patient Care After Contrast
- Monitor for 15-30 minutes
- Assess IV site
- Provide hydration instructions
- Advise on potential delayed reactions
- Metformin patients: follow institutional protocol
#### 6.7.2 Documentation
- Complete FRM-RAD-001 CT Procedure Log
- Document dose metrics (CTDIvol, DLP)
- Record contrast details
- Note any adverse events
- Submit images to PACS
### 6.8 Image Post-Processing
| Reconstruction | Application |
|----------------|-------------|
| Soft tissue | Routine interpretation |
| Bone | Skeletal evaluation |
| Lung | Pulmonary parenchyma |
| 3D/MPR | Vascular, complex anatomy |
| MIP | Angiography |
## 7. Contrast Reaction Management
### 7.1 Reaction Classification
| Severity | Symptoms | Action |
|----------|----------|--------|
| Mild | Nausea, urticaria (limited), warmth | Observe, treat symptoms |
| Moderate | Extensive urticaria, bronchospasm, hypotension | Medical treatment, monitor |
| Severe | Anaphylaxis, cardiac arrest, seizure | Emergency response, call code |
### 7.2 Emergency Equipment
Available in CT suite:
- Oxygen and suction
- Emergency medications (epinephrine, diphenhydramine, etc.)
- IV fluids
- Defibrillator/AED
- Crash cart
## 8. Radiation Safety
### 8.1 Dose Monitoring
- Record CTDIvol and DLP for each exam
- Compare to diagnostic reference levels
- Investigate outliers
### 8.2 Diagnostic Reference Levels
| Exam | CTDIvol (mGy) | DLP (mGy·cm) |
|------|---------------|--------------|
| Head | 60 | 1000 |
| Chest | 15 | 400 |
| Abdomen | 20 | 700 |
| Abdomen/Pelvis | 20 | 900 |
## 9. Quality Control
| Activity | Frequency |
|----------|-----------|
| Daily warm-up and calibration | Daily |
| Water phantom QC | Daily/Weekly |
| CT number accuracy | Weekly |
| Spatial resolution | Monthly |
| Physicist review | Annually |
## 10. Documentation
- FRM-RAD-001 CT Procedure Log
- FRM-RAD-002 Contrast Administration Record
- FRM-RAD-003 Adverse Reaction Report
- Dose reports
- QC logs
## 11. References
- ACR Practice Parameter for CT
- ACR Manual on Contrast Media
- Image Gently Campaign
- AAPM CT Protocols
- State radiation regulations
---
## Revision History
| Rev | Date | Description | Author |
|-----|------|-------------|--------|
| 1.0 | [DATE] | Initial release | [AUTHOR] |

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