Sync template from atomicqms-style deployment
This commit is contained in:
0
SOPs/CT-Imaging/.gitkeep
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SOPs/CT-Imaging/.gitkeep
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SOPs/Equipment/.gitkeep
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SOPs/Equipment/.gitkeep
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SOPs/General-Radiography/.gitkeep
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SOPs/General-Radiography/.gitkeep
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112
SOPs/General/SOP-001-Document-Control.md
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112
SOPs/General/SOP-001-Document-Control.md
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# Standard Operating Procedure: Document Control
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| Document ID | SOP-001 |
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|-------------|---------|
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| Title | Document Control |
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| Revision | 1.0 |
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| Effective Date | [DATE] |
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| Author | [AUTHOR] |
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| Approved By | [APPROVER] |
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| Department | Quality Assurance |
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---
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## 1. Purpose
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To establish a procedure for the creation, review, approval, distribution, and control of documents within the Quality Management System.
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## 2. Scope
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This procedure applies to all controlled documents including:
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- Policies
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- Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)
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- Work Instructions
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- Forms and Templates
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- Specifications
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- External documents of external origin
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## 3. Responsibilities
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### 3.1 Document Owner
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- Responsible for document content and accuracy
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- Initiates document creation and revision
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- Ensures periodic review is performed
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### 3.2 Quality Assurance
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- Maintains the document control system
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- Assigns document numbers
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- Manages document distribution
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- Archives obsolete documents
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### 3.3 Approvers
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- Review and approve documents before release
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- Ensure documents are adequate for intended purpose
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## 4. Procedure
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### 4.1 Document Creation
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1. Identify the need for a new document
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2. Request document number from Quality Assurance
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3. Draft document using appropriate template
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4. Include all required header information
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5. Submit for review and approval
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### 4.2 Document Review and Approval
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1. Route document to appropriate reviewers
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2. Reviewers provide comments within 5 business days
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3. Author addresses all comments
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4. Final approval by designated approver
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5. Quality Assurance releases document
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### 4.3 Document Numbering
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Documents shall be numbered according to the following convention:
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| Type | Prefix | Example |
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|------|--------|---------|
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| Policy | POL | POL-001 |
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| SOP | SOP | SOP-001 |
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| Work Instruction | WI | WI-001 |
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| Form | FRM | FRM-001 |
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### 4.4 Revision Control
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1. All changes require documented justification
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2. Changes follow same review/approval process as new documents
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3. Revision number increments with each approved change
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4. Revision history maintained in document footer
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### 4.5 Document Distribution
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1. Current versions available in document control system
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2. Obsolete versions marked and archived
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3. Training on new/revised documents as needed
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### 4.6 Periodic Review
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1. Documents reviewed at least every 2 years
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2. Review documented even if no changes made
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3. Reviews may result in revision or reaffirmation
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## 5. Related Documents
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- FRM-001 Document Change Request Form
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- FRM-002 Document Review Record
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## 6. Definitions
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| Term | Definition |
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|------|------------|
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| Controlled Document | Document managed under document control system |
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| Obsolete | Document no longer valid for use |
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| Revision | Updated version of a document |
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---
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## Revision History
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| Rev | Date | Description | Author |
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|-----|------|-------------|--------|
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| 1.0 | [DATE] | Initial release | [AUTHOR] |
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134
SOPs/General/SOP-002-CAPA.md
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SOPs/General/SOP-002-CAPA.md
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# Standard Operating Procedure: Corrective and Preventive Action (CAPA)
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| Document ID | SOP-002 |
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|-------------|---------|
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| Title | Corrective and Preventive Action |
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| Revision | 1.0 |
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| Effective Date | [DATE] |
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| Author | [AUTHOR] |
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| Approved By | [APPROVER] |
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| Department | Quality Assurance |
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---
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## 1. Purpose
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To establish a systematic process for identifying, investigating, correcting, and preventing nonconformities and potential nonconformities.
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## 2. Scope
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This procedure applies to:
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- Product and process nonconformities
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- Customer complaints
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- Audit findings
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- Process deviations
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- Potential nonconformities identified through risk analysis
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## 3. Definitions
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| Term | Definition |
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|------|------------|
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| Corrective Action | Action to eliminate the cause of a detected nonconformity |
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| Preventive Action | Action to eliminate the cause of a potential nonconformity |
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| Root Cause | Fundamental reason for a nonconformity |
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| Effectiveness Check | Verification that implemented actions achieved desired results |
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## 4. Responsibilities
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### 4.1 CAPA Owner
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- Investigates the issue
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- Identifies root cause
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- Develops and implements corrective/preventive actions
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- Verifies effectiveness
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### 4.2 Quality Assurance
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- Manages CAPA system
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- Assigns CAPA numbers
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- Tracks CAPA status
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- Reviews and approves CAPAs
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- Reports CAPA metrics to management
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### 4.3 Management
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- Provides resources for CAPA implementation
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- Reviews CAPA trends
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- Ensures timely closure
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## 5. Procedure
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### 5.1 CAPA Initiation
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1. Identify nonconformity or potential nonconformity
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2. Document issue on CAPA Form (FRM-003)
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3. Classify severity and priority
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4. Assign CAPA owner
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### 5.2 Investigation
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1. Gather relevant data and evidence
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2. Interview personnel involved
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3. Review related documents and records
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4. Use appropriate investigation tools:
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- 5 Whys
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- Fishbone Diagram
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- Failure Mode Analysis
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### 5.3 Root Cause Analysis
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1. Identify potential root causes
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2. Verify root cause through evidence
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3. Document root cause determination
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4. Consider systemic implications
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### 5.4 Action Development
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1. Develop corrective/preventive actions
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2. Assign responsibilities and due dates
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3. Assess actions for:
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- Appropriateness to problem severity
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- Impact on other processes
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- Resource requirements
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### 5.5 Implementation
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1. Execute approved actions
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2. Document implementation evidence
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3. Update affected documents/processes
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4. Provide training as needed
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### 5.6 Effectiveness Verification
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1. Define effectiveness criteria
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2. Allow sufficient time for actions to take effect
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3. Collect and analyze data
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4. Document verification results
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5. If ineffective, reopen CAPA for further action
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### 5.7 Closure
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1. Review all CAPA documentation
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2. Verify all actions completed
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3. Confirm effectiveness verified
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4. Obtain approval for closure
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## 6. CAPA Metrics
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Quality Assurance shall track and report:
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- Number of open CAPAs
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- CAPA aging
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- On-time closure rate
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- Effectiveness rate
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- CAPAs by category/source
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## 7. Related Documents
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- FRM-003 CAPA Form
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- SOP-003 Nonconforming Product Control
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- SOP-004 Customer Complaints
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---
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## Revision History
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| Rev | Date | Description | Author |
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|-----|------|-------------|--------|
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| 1.0 | [DATE] | Initial release | [AUTHOR] |
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123
SOPs/General/SOP-003-Training.md
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SOPs/General/SOP-003-Training.md
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# Standard Operating Procedure: Training and Competence
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| Document ID | SOP-003 |
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|-------------|---------|
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| Title | Training and Competence |
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| Revision | 1.0 |
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| Effective Date | [DATE] |
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| Author | [AUTHOR] |
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| Approved By | [APPROVER] |
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| Department | Human Resources / Quality |
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---
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## 1. Purpose
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To ensure personnel performing work affecting product quality are competent based on appropriate education, training, skills, and experience.
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## 2. Scope
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This procedure applies to:
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- All employees performing quality-affecting activities
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- Contractors and temporary personnel
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- Personnel requiring GxP training
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## 3. Responsibilities
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### 3.1 Supervisors/Managers
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- Identify training needs for their personnel
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- Ensure training is completed before performing tasks
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- Evaluate competence of personnel
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- Maintain department training records
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### 3.2 Human Resources
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- Coordinate training programs
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- Maintain central training database
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- Track training compliance
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- Archive training records
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### 3.3 Quality Assurance
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- Develop QMS-related training
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- Approve training curricula for GxP activities
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- Audit training compliance
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### 3.4 Employees
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- Complete assigned training on time
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- Maintain current qualifications
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- Report training needs to supervisor
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## 4. Procedure
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### 4.1 Training Needs Assessment
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1. Identify competence requirements for each role
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2. Document requirements in job descriptions
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3. Assess current competence of personnel
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4. Identify training gaps
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### 4.2 Training Curriculum Development
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1. Define learning objectives
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2. Develop training materials
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3. Identify delivery method:
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- Classroom
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- On-the-job
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- Self-study
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- Computer-based
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4. Define assessment criteria
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5. Obtain approval from Quality (for GxP training)
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### 4.3 Training Delivery
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1. Schedule training session
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2. Document attendance
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3. Deliver training per curriculum
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4. Assess comprehension through:
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- Written test (minimum 80% passing)
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- Practical demonstration
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- Supervisor observation
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### 4.4 Training Documentation
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Training records shall include:
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- Employee name and ID
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- Training title and date
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- Trainer name and qualifications
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- Assessment results
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- Signatures
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### 4.5 Retraining Requirements
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Retraining is required when:
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- Significant document revisions occur
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- Performance deficiencies identified
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- Extended absence from job function
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- Periodic requalification due
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### 4.6 New Employee Orientation
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All new employees shall complete:
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1. Company orientation
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2. Quality system overview
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3. Job-specific training
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4. SOP read and understand for applicable procedures
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## 5. Training Records Retention
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- Training records maintained for duration of employment
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- Records retained 3 years after employee departure
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- Records available for regulatory inspection
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## 6. Related Documents
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- FRM-004 Training Record Form
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- FRM-005 Training Assessment Form
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- Job Descriptions
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---
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## Revision History
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| Rev | Date | Description | Author |
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|-----|------|-------------|--------|
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| 1.0 | [DATE] | Initial release | [AUTHOR] |
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136
SOPs/General/SOP-004-Internal-Audit.md
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136
SOPs/General/SOP-004-Internal-Audit.md
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# Standard Operating Procedure: Internal Audit
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| Document ID | SOP-004 |
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|-------------|---------|
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| Title | Internal Audit |
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| Revision | 1.0 |
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| Effective Date | [DATE] |
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| Author | [AUTHOR] |
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| Approved By | [APPROVER] |
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| Department | Quality Assurance |
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---
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## 1. Purpose
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To establish a systematic approach for conducting internal audits to verify the effectiveness of the Quality Management System.
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## 2. Scope
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This procedure covers:
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- QMS process audits
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- Compliance audits
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- Product audits
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- System audits
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## 3. Definitions
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| Term | Definition |
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|------|------------|
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| Audit | Systematic, independent examination to determine conformance |
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| Auditor | Person qualified to perform audits |
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| Finding | Observation of conformance or nonconformance |
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| Observation | Noted item not rising to level of finding |
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## 4. Responsibilities
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### 4.1 Lead Auditor
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- Plans and schedules audits
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- Prepares audit checklists
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- Conducts audit activities
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- Reports audit findings
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### 4.2 Quality Manager
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- Maintains audit program
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- Qualifies auditors
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- Reviews audit reports
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- Reports to management
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### 4.3 Auditee
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- Provides access to areas/records
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||||
- Responds to findings
|
||||
- Implements corrective actions
|
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|
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## 5. Procedure
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### 5.1 Annual Audit Schedule
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1. Develop annual audit schedule considering:
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- Previous audit results
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||||
- Process criticality
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||||
- Regulatory requirements
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||||
- Changes to processes
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||||
2. Ensure all QMS processes audited at least annually
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3. Obtain management approval
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4. Communicate schedule to affected areas
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||||
|
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### 5.2 Auditor Qualification
|
||||
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Auditors shall:
|
||||
- Complete auditor training course
|
||||
- Conduct at least 2 audits under supervision
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||||
- Be independent of area being audited
|
||||
- Maintain competence through ongoing audits
|
||||
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### 5.3 Audit Preparation
|
||||
|
||||
1. Review applicable procedures and standards
|
||||
2. Review previous audit reports
|
||||
3. Prepare audit checklist
|
||||
4. Notify auditee of audit scope and schedule
|
||||
5. Confirm auditor availability
|
||||
|
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### 5.4 Conducting the Audit
|
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|
||||
1. Hold opening meeting with auditee
|
||||
2. Execute audit checklist
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||||
3. Gather objective evidence:
|
||||
- Document review
|
||||
- Personnel interviews
|
||||
- Process observation
|
||||
4. Document findings with evidence
|
||||
5. Classify findings:
|
||||
- Major Nonconformance
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||||
- Minor Nonconformance
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||||
- Observation
|
||||
6. Hold closing meeting
|
||||
|
||||
### 5.5 Audit Reporting
|
||||
|
||||
1. Complete audit report within 5 business days
|
||||
2. Report shall include:
|
||||
- Audit scope and criteria
|
||||
- Personnel interviewed
|
||||
- Findings with evidence
|
||||
- Recommendations
|
||||
3. Distribute report to auditee and management
|
||||
|
||||
### 5.6 Finding Resolution
|
||||
|
||||
1. Auditee responds with corrective action plan within 10 business days
|
||||
2. Quality reviews and approves plan
|
||||
3. Auditee implements corrective actions
|
||||
4. Auditor verifies effectiveness
|
||||
5. Close finding upon verification
|
||||
|
||||
## 6. Audit Records
|
||||
|
||||
Maintain for 5 years:
|
||||
- Audit schedules
|
||||
- Checklists
|
||||
- Reports
|
||||
- Corrective action records
|
||||
|
||||
## 7. Related Documents
|
||||
|
||||
- FRM-006 Audit Checklist Template
|
||||
- FRM-007 Audit Report Template
|
||||
- SOP-002 CAPA
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Revision History
|
||||
|
||||
| Rev | Date | Description | Author |
|
||||
|-----|------|-------------|--------|
|
||||
| 1.0 | [DATE] | Initial release | [AUTHOR] |
|
||||
114
SOPs/General/SOP-005-Management-Review.md
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114
SOPs/General/SOP-005-Management-Review.md
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# Standard Operating Procedure: Management Review
|
||||
|
||||
| Document ID | SOP-005 |
|
||||
|-------------|---------|
|
||||
| Title | Management Review |
|
||||
| Revision | 1.0 |
|
||||
| Effective Date | [DATE] |
|
||||
| Author | [AUTHOR] |
|
||||
| Approved By | [APPROVER] |
|
||||
| Department | Quality Assurance |
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 1. Purpose
|
||||
|
||||
To ensure top management reviews the Quality Management System at planned intervals to ensure its continuing suitability, adequacy, and effectiveness.
|
||||
|
||||
## 2. Scope
|
||||
|
||||
This procedure applies to the periodic management review of the QMS, including all processes and quality objectives.
|
||||
|
||||
## 3. Frequency
|
||||
|
||||
Management reviews shall be conducted:
|
||||
- At least annually
|
||||
- More frequently if significant changes occur
|
||||
- As needed based on quality performance
|
||||
|
||||
## 4. Responsibilities
|
||||
|
||||
### 4.1 Quality Manager
|
||||
- Prepares management review agenda and materials
|
||||
- Facilitates the meeting
|
||||
- Documents meeting minutes and action items
|
||||
- Tracks completion of action items
|
||||
|
||||
### 4.2 Top Management
|
||||
- Attends management review meetings
|
||||
- Reviews QMS performance data
|
||||
- Makes decisions on QMS improvements
|
||||
- Allocates resources as needed
|
||||
|
||||
### 4.3 Department Managers
|
||||
- Provides input data for their areas
|
||||
- Attends management review
|
||||
- Implements assigned action items
|
||||
|
||||
## 5. Management Review Inputs
|
||||
|
||||
The following shall be considered:
|
||||
|
||||
### 5.1 Actions from Previous Reviews
|
||||
- Status of action items
|
||||
- Effectiveness of implemented actions
|
||||
|
||||
### 5.2 Changes in Context
|
||||
- Internal changes (organization, resources)
|
||||
- External changes (regulations, market)
|
||||
|
||||
### 5.3 QMS Performance
|
||||
- Customer satisfaction and feedback
|
||||
- Quality objectives achievement
|
||||
- Process performance metrics
|
||||
- Nonconformities and corrective actions
|
||||
- Audit results
|
||||
- Supplier performance
|
||||
|
||||
### 5.4 Resource Adequacy
|
||||
- Personnel
|
||||
- Infrastructure
|
||||
- Work environment
|
||||
|
||||
### 5.5 Risk and Opportunities
|
||||
- Risk assessment results
|
||||
- Effectiveness of risk controls
|
||||
- New opportunities identified
|
||||
|
||||
### 5.6 Improvement Opportunities
|
||||
- Process improvements
|
||||
- Product improvements
|
||||
- QMS enhancements
|
||||
|
||||
## 6. Management Review Outputs
|
||||
|
||||
Decisions and actions related to:
|
||||
- Improvement of QMS and processes
|
||||
- Product improvement
|
||||
- Resource needs
|
||||
- Changes to quality policy or objectives
|
||||
|
||||
## 7. Documentation
|
||||
|
||||
### 7.1 Meeting Minutes
|
||||
- Date and attendees
|
||||
- Items discussed
|
||||
- Decisions made
|
||||
- Action items with owners and due dates
|
||||
|
||||
### 7.2 Record Retention
|
||||
- Management review records retained for 5 years
|
||||
- Available for regulatory inspection
|
||||
|
||||
## 8. Related Documents
|
||||
|
||||
- FRM-008 Management Review Agenda Template
|
||||
- FRM-009 Management Review Minutes Template
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Revision History
|
||||
|
||||
| Rev | Date | Description | Author |
|
||||
|-----|------|-------------|--------|
|
||||
| 1.0 | [DATE] | Initial release | [AUTHOR] |
|
||||
328
SOPs/Imaging-Procedures/SOP-RAD-001-CT-Protocol.md
Normal file
328
SOPs/Imaging-Procedures/SOP-RAD-001-CT-Protocol.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,328 @@
|
||||
# Standard Operating Procedure: CT Imaging Protocol
|
||||
|
||||
| Document ID | SOP-RAD-001 |
|
||||
|-------------|-------------|
|
||||
| Title | Computed Tomography (CT) Imaging Protocol |
|
||||
| Revision | 1.0 |
|
||||
| Effective Date | [DATE] |
|
||||
| Author | [AUTHOR] |
|
||||
| Approved By | [APPROVER] |
|
||||
| Department | Radiology/Diagnostic Imaging |
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 1. Purpose
|
||||
|
||||
To establish standardized procedures for performing computed tomography (CT) examinations to ensure patient safety, optimal image quality, and regulatory compliance with ACR, state, and federal requirements.
|
||||
|
||||
## 2. Scope
|
||||
|
||||
This procedure applies to all CT examinations including:
|
||||
- Non-contrast CT studies
|
||||
- Contrast-enhanced CT studies
|
||||
- CT angiography (CTA)
|
||||
- CT-guided procedures
|
||||
- Emergency/trauma CT
|
||||
|
||||
## 3. Responsibilities
|
||||
|
||||
### 3.1 CT Technologist
|
||||
- Screen patients for contraindications
|
||||
- Position patient properly
|
||||
- Select and execute protocols
|
||||
- Assess image quality
|
||||
- Monitor patient during examination
|
||||
|
||||
### 3.2 Radiologist
|
||||
- Approve protocols
|
||||
- Supervise contrast administration
|
||||
- Interpret studies and generate reports
|
||||
- Manage contrast reactions
|
||||
|
||||
### 3.3 Radiology Nurse (if applicable)
|
||||
- Assess IV access
|
||||
- Administer contrast
|
||||
- Monitor for reactions
|
||||
- Provide patient care
|
||||
|
||||
### 3.4 Medical Physicist
|
||||
- Establish dose optimization protocols
|
||||
- Perform quality control
|
||||
- Monitor radiation exposure
|
||||
|
||||
## 4. Definitions
|
||||
|
||||
| Term | Definition |
|
||||
|------|------------|
|
||||
| CTDI | CT Dose Index - measure of radiation output |
|
||||
| DLP | Dose Length Product - total dose metric |
|
||||
| HU | Hounsfield Units - density measurement |
|
||||
| kVp | Kilovoltage peak |
|
||||
| mAs | Milliampere-seconds |
|
||||
| MPR | Multiplanar reconstruction |
|
||||
|
||||
## 5. Equipment and Materials
|
||||
|
||||
- CT scanner (accredited)
|
||||
- Power injector
|
||||
- Contrast media (iodinated)
|
||||
- IV supplies
|
||||
- Emergency equipment and medications
|
||||
- Shielding devices
|
||||
- Patient monitoring equipment
|
||||
|
||||
## 6. Procedure
|
||||
|
||||
### 6.1 Pre-Examination
|
||||
|
||||
#### 6.1.1 Order Verification
|
||||
- [ ] Valid physician order present
|
||||
- [ ] Appropriate indication documented
|
||||
- [ ] Protocol selection appropriate for indication
|
||||
- [ ] Prior imaging reviewed (if available)
|
||||
|
||||
#### 6.1.2 Patient Identification
|
||||
- Verify using two identifiers
|
||||
- Confirm exam matches order
|
||||
- Review clinical history
|
||||
|
||||
#### 6.1.3 Safety Screening
|
||||
|
||||
**For all patients:**
|
||||
- [ ] Pregnancy status (women of childbearing age)
|
||||
- [ ] Previous CT studies (cumulative dose awareness)
|
||||
- [ ] Ability to cooperate with positioning
|
||||
- [ ] Metal implants/devices in scan field
|
||||
|
||||
**For contrast studies - additional screening:**
|
||||
|
||||
| Risk Factor | Check |
|
||||
|-------------|-------|
|
||||
| Previous contrast reaction | ☐ Yes ☐ No |
|
||||
| Allergies (iodine, shellfish) | ☐ Yes ☐ No |
|
||||
| Kidney disease/elevated creatinine | ☐ Yes ☐ No |
|
||||
| Diabetes (metformin use) | ☐ Yes ☐ No |
|
||||
| Thyroid disease | ☐ Yes ☐ No |
|
||||
| Multiple myeloma | ☐ Yes ☐ No |
|
||||
| Age >70 years | ☐ Yes ☐ No |
|
||||
| Dehydration | ☐ Yes ☐ No |
|
||||
|
||||
**Renal Function Assessment:**
|
||||
| eGFR Level | Risk | Action |
|
||||
|------------|------|--------|
|
||||
| ≥60 | Low risk | Proceed |
|
||||
| 45-59 | Moderate risk | Hydration, consider alternatives |
|
||||
| 30-44 | High risk | Alternative imaging preferred, radiologist approval |
|
||||
| <30 | Very high risk | Avoid unless emergent, nephrology consult |
|
||||
|
||||
#### 6.1.4 Consent
|
||||
- Explain procedure and risks
|
||||
- Obtain informed consent for contrast (if applicable)
|
||||
- Document consent
|
||||
|
||||
### 6.2 Patient Preparation
|
||||
|
||||
#### 6.2.1 Preparation by Exam Type
|
||||
|
||||
| Exam Type | Preparation Required |
|
||||
|-----------|---------------------|
|
||||
| Head CT | Remove metallic objects from head/neck |
|
||||
| Chest CT | Breathing instructions, arms above head |
|
||||
| Abdomen/Pelvis CT | Oral contrast (if ordered), full bladder (pelvic) |
|
||||
| CT Angiography | IV access, contrast protocol |
|
||||
| CT Colonography | Bowel preparation |
|
||||
|
||||
#### 6.2.2 IV Access for Contrast
|
||||
- Assess vein suitability
|
||||
- 20-gauge or larger preferred for power injection
|
||||
- Verify patency with saline flush
|
||||
- Secure catheter properly
|
||||
|
||||
### 6.3 Patient Positioning
|
||||
|
||||
#### 6.3.1 Standard Positions
|
||||
|
||||
| Body Part | Position | Gantry Entry |
|
||||
|-----------|----------|--------------|
|
||||
| Head | Supine, neutral | Head first |
|
||||
| Neck | Supine, neck extended | Head first |
|
||||
| Chest | Supine, arms up | Head or feet first |
|
||||
| Abdomen | Supine, arms up | Head first |
|
||||
| Pelvis | Supine, arms up | Feet first |
|
||||
| Extremity | Per protocol | Varies |
|
||||
|
||||
#### 6.3.2 Positioning Considerations
|
||||
- Center patient in gantry
|
||||
- Use positioning aids as needed
|
||||
- Apply shielding where appropriate
|
||||
- Ensure patient comfort
|
||||
- Remove all artifacts from scan field
|
||||
|
||||
### 6.4 Protocol Selection and Parameters
|
||||
|
||||
#### 6.4.1 Dose Optimization Principles
|
||||
- ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable)
|
||||
- Use automatic exposure control (AEC)
|
||||
- Size-appropriate protocols
|
||||
- Limit scan range to clinical question
|
||||
|
||||
#### 6.4.2 Standard Protocol Parameters
|
||||
|
||||
| Protocol | kVp | mAs | Slice Thickness | Pitch |
|
||||
|----------|-----|-----|-----------------|-------|
|
||||
| Head routine | 120 | Auto | 5mm | N/A (axial) |
|
||||
| Chest routine | 120 | Auto | 5mm/1.25mm | 1.0-1.5 |
|
||||
| Abdomen routine | 120 | Auto | 5mm/2.5mm | 1.0-1.5 |
|
||||
| CT Angiography | 100-120 | Auto | 0.625-1.25mm | 0.8-1.0 |
|
||||
| Low-dose chest | 100-120 | Reduced | 1.25mm | 1.0-1.5 |
|
||||
|
||||
#### 6.4.3 Pediatric Considerations
|
||||
- Reduce kVp and mAs based on weight/age
|
||||
- Use pediatric-specific protocols
|
||||
- Apply "Image Gently" principles
|
||||
- Minimize number of phases
|
||||
|
||||
### 6.5 Contrast Administration
|
||||
|
||||
#### 6.5.1 Contrast Selection
|
||||
|
||||
| Indication | Contrast Type | Concentration |
|
||||
|------------|---------------|---------------|
|
||||
| Routine enhanced | Low-osmolar | 300-350 mgI/mL |
|
||||
| CT Angiography | Low-osmolar | 350-370 mgI/mL |
|
||||
| High-risk patients | Iso-osmolar | 270-320 mgI/mL |
|
||||
|
||||
#### 6.5.2 Contrast Volume and Rate
|
||||
|
||||
| Exam Type | Volume | Rate |
|
||||
|-----------|--------|------|
|
||||
| Head with contrast | 100 mL | 1-2 mL/sec |
|
||||
| Chest with contrast | 100-125 mL | 2-3 mL/sec |
|
||||
| Abdomen with contrast | 100-150 mL | 2-3 mL/sec |
|
||||
| CT Angiography | 75-125 mL | 4-5 mL/sec |
|
||||
|
||||
#### 6.5.3 Timing Methods
|
||||
- Fixed delay (empiric)
|
||||
- Bolus tracking (threshold trigger)
|
||||
- Test bolus (timing determination)
|
||||
|
||||
### 6.6 Image Acquisition
|
||||
|
||||
1. **Scout/Topogram**
|
||||
- Acquire scout images
|
||||
- Verify positioning and coverage
|
||||
- Set scan range
|
||||
|
||||
2. **Pre-Contrast (if applicable)**
|
||||
- Acquire non-contrast images
|
||||
- Assess for baseline findings
|
||||
|
||||
3. **Contrast Injection (if applicable)**
|
||||
- Verify IV patency
|
||||
- Program injector parameters
|
||||
- Monitor injection
|
||||
|
||||
4. **Post-Contrast Acquisition**
|
||||
- Acquire at appropriate phase(s)
|
||||
- Arterial: 25-35 seconds
|
||||
- Portal venous: 60-70 seconds
|
||||
- Delayed: 3-5 minutes (as needed)
|
||||
|
||||
5. **Image Review**
|
||||
- Review images for quality
|
||||
- Assess for artifacts
|
||||
- Repeat if technically inadequate
|
||||
|
||||
### 6.7 Post-Examination
|
||||
|
||||
#### 6.7.1 Patient Care After Contrast
|
||||
- Monitor for 15-30 minutes
|
||||
- Assess IV site
|
||||
- Provide hydration instructions
|
||||
- Advise on potential delayed reactions
|
||||
- Metformin patients: follow institutional protocol
|
||||
|
||||
#### 6.7.2 Documentation
|
||||
- Complete FRM-RAD-001 CT Procedure Log
|
||||
- Document dose metrics (CTDIvol, DLP)
|
||||
- Record contrast details
|
||||
- Note any adverse events
|
||||
- Submit images to PACS
|
||||
|
||||
### 6.8 Image Post-Processing
|
||||
|
||||
| Reconstruction | Application |
|
||||
|----------------|-------------|
|
||||
| Soft tissue | Routine interpretation |
|
||||
| Bone | Skeletal evaluation |
|
||||
| Lung | Pulmonary parenchyma |
|
||||
| 3D/MPR | Vascular, complex anatomy |
|
||||
| MIP | Angiography |
|
||||
|
||||
## 7. Contrast Reaction Management
|
||||
|
||||
### 7.1 Reaction Classification
|
||||
|
||||
| Severity | Symptoms | Action |
|
||||
|----------|----------|--------|
|
||||
| Mild | Nausea, urticaria (limited), warmth | Observe, treat symptoms |
|
||||
| Moderate | Extensive urticaria, bronchospasm, hypotension | Medical treatment, monitor |
|
||||
| Severe | Anaphylaxis, cardiac arrest, seizure | Emergency response, call code |
|
||||
|
||||
### 7.2 Emergency Equipment
|
||||
Available in CT suite:
|
||||
- Oxygen and suction
|
||||
- Emergency medications (epinephrine, diphenhydramine, etc.)
|
||||
- IV fluids
|
||||
- Defibrillator/AED
|
||||
- Crash cart
|
||||
|
||||
## 8. Radiation Safety
|
||||
|
||||
### 8.1 Dose Monitoring
|
||||
- Record CTDIvol and DLP for each exam
|
||||
- Compare to diagnostic reference levels
|
||||
- Investigate outliers
|
||||
|
||||
### 8.2 Diagnostic Reference Levels
|
||||
|
||||
| Exam | CTDIvol (mGy) | DLP (mGy·cm) |
|
||||
|------|---------------|--------------|
|
||||
| Head | 60 | 1000 |
|
||||
| Chest | 15 | 400 |
|
||||
| Abdomen | 20 | 700 |
|
||||
| Abdomen/Pelvis | 20 | 900 |
|
||||
|
||||
## 9. Quality Control
|
||||
|
||||
| Activity | Frequency |
|
||||
|----------|-----------|
|
||||
| Daily warm-up and calibration | Daily |
|
||||
| Water phantom QC | Daily/Weekly |
|
||||
| CT number accuracy | Weekly |
|
||||
| Spatial resolution | Monthly |
|
||||
| Physicist review | Annually |
|
||||
|
||||
## 10. Documentation
|
||||
|
||||
- FRM-RAD-001 CT Procedure Log
|
||||
- FRM-RAD-002 Contrast Administration Record
|
||||
- FRM-RAD-003 Adverse Reaction Report
|
||||
- Dose reports
|
||||
- QC logs
|
||||
|
||||
## 11. References
|
||||
|
||||
- ACR Practice Parameter for CT
|
||||
- ACR Manual on Contrast Media
|
||||
- Image Gently Campaign
|
||||
- AAPM CT Protocols
|
||||
- State radiation regulations
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Revision History
|
||||
|
||||
| Rev | Date | Description | Author |
|
||||
|-----|------|-------------|--------|
|
||||
| 1.0 | [DATE] | Initial release | [AUTHOR] |
|
||||
0
SOPs/MRI-Operations/.gitkeep
Normal file
0
SOPs/MRI-Operations/.gitkeep
Normal file
0
SOPs/Nuclear-Medicine/.gitkeep
Normal file
0
SOPs/Nuclear-Medicine/.gitkeep
Normal file
1
SOPs/Safety/.gitkeep
Normal file
1
SOPs/Safety/.gitkeep
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
||||
# Placeholder
|
||||
0
SOPs/Ultrasound/.gitkeep
Normal file
0
SOPs/Ultrasound/.gitkeep
Normal file
Reference in New Lab Ticket
Block a user