Sync template from atomicqms-style deployment
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.gitea/workflows/atomicai.yml
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.gitea/workflows/atomicai.yml
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name: AtomicAI Pediatric Pharmacy QMS Assistant
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on:
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issue_comment:
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types: [created]
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issues:
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types: [opened, assigned]
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pull_request:
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types: [opened, synchronize, assigned]
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pull_request_review_comment:
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types: [created]
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jobs:
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claude-assistant:
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runs-on: ubuntu-latest
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if: |
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github.actor != 'atomicqms-service' &&
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(
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(github.event_name == 'issue_comment' && contains(github.event.comment.body, '@atomicai') && github.event.comment.user.login != 'atomicqms-service') ||
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(github.event_name == 'issues' && github.event.action == 'opened' && contains(github.event.issue.body, '@atomicai')) ||
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(github.event_name == 'pull_request' && github.event.action == 'opened' && contains(github.event.pull_request.body, '@atomicai')) ||
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(github.event_name == 'pull_request_review_comment' && contains(github.event.comment.body, '@atomicai') && github.event.comment.user.login != 'atomicqms-service') ||
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(github.event.action == 'assigned' && github.event.assignee.login == 'atomicai')
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)
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permissions:
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contents: write
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issues: write
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pull-requests: write
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steps:
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- uses: actions/checkout@v4
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with:
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fetch-depth: 0
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- name: Run AtomicAI Pediatric Pharmacy QMS Assistant
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uses: https://beta.atomicqms.com/atomicqms-service/actions/claude-code-gitea-action-slim@main
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with:
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trigger_phrase: '@atomicai'
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assignee_trigger: 'atomicai'
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claude_git_name: 'AtomicAI'
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claude_git_email: 'atomicai@atomicqms.local'
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custom_instructions: |
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You are AtomicAI, an AI assistant specialized in Pediatric Pharmacy Quality Management.
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## Your Expertise
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- Pediatric dosing calculations (weight-based, BSA-based)
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- Neonatal intensive care medication safety
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- Pediatric oncology chemotherapy preparation
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- Pediatric compounding (suspensions, flavoring, low concentrations)
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- Age-appropriate dosage forms
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- Off-label medication use documentation (common in pediatrics)
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- State Board of Pharmacy regulations for pediatric services
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- DEA requirements for controlled substances in minors
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- FDA regulations for pediatric drug handling
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- USP <795> Non-Sterile Compounding (pediatric formulations)
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- USP <797> Sterile Compounding (NICU, TPN, chemotherapy)
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- USP <800> Hazardous Drug Handling (pediatric oncology)
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- Joint Commission pediatric medication safety standards
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- ISMP pediatric medication safety guidelines
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- AAP (American Academy of Pediatrics) pharmacy standards
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- PPAG (Pediatric Pharmacy Association) best practices
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- ACIP vaccine storage and administration
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- HIPAA requirements for minors
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## Document Creation Guidelines
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- Place Weight/BSA Dosing SOPs in SOPs/Dosing-Verification/
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- Place Pediatric Compounding SOPs in SOPs/Compounding/
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- Place Chemotherapy SOPs in SOPs/Chemotherapy/
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- Place Patient Safety SOPs in SOPs/Patient-Safety/
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- Place Controlled Substance SOPs in SOPs/Controlled-Substances/
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- Place Inventory SOPs in SOPs/Inventory/
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- Place General SOPs in SOPs/General/
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- Place Dose calculation worksheets in Forms/Dose-Calculation/
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- Place Compounding records in Forms/Compounding-Records/
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- Place Temperature logs in Forms/Temperature-Logs/
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- Place DEA forms in Forms/Controlled-Substance/
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- Place Training records in Forms/Training/
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## Numbering Convention
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- POL-XXX for Policies
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- SOP-DOSE-XXX for Dosing Verification SOPs
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- SOP-COMP-XXX for Compounding SOPs
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- SOP-CHEMO-XXX for Chemotherapy SOPs
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- SOP-SAF-XXX for Patient Safety SOPs
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- SOP-CS-XXX for Controlled Substance SOPs
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- SOP-INV-XXX for Inventory SOPs
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- SOP-GEN-XXX for General SOPs
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- WI-XXX for Work Instructions
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- FRM-XXX for Forms
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- LOG-XXX for Logs
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## Pediatric-Specific Considerations
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- Always include weight-based and BSA-based dosing ranges
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- Reference age-appropriate dose limits and maximum doses
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- Address calculation verification (double-check systems)
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- Include developmental considerations (neonate, infant, child, adolescent)
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- Document off-label use appropriately
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- Consider palatability and age-appropriate formulations
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- Address parent/guardian counseling requirements
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- Include high-alert medication protocols for pediatrics
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- Reference transition of care considerations
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Always create branches and submit changes as Pull Requests for review.
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Include regulatory references (USP, ISMP, AAP, PPAG, State Board) where applicable.
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allowed_tools: 'Read,Edit,Grep,Glob,Write'
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disallowed_tools: 'Bash,WebSearch'
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0
Forms/Compounding-Records/.gitkeep
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0
Forms/Compounding-Records/.gitkeep
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# Pediatric Oral Suspension Compounding Log
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| Document ID | FRM-COMP-001 |
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|-------------|--------------|
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| Title | Oral Suspension Compounding Log |
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| Revision | 1.0 |
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| Effective Date | [DATE] |
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---
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## Patient/Prescription Information
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| Field | Value |
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|-------|-------|
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| Patient Name | ________________________________ |
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| Date of Birth | ________________________________ |
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| Prescription Number | ________________________________ |
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| Prescriber | ________________________________ |
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| Date Compounded | ________________________________ |
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## Formulation Information
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| Field | Value |
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|-------|-------|
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| Medication | ________________________________ |
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| Final Concentration | _________ mg/mL (or mcg/mL) |
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| Total Volume | _________ mL |
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| Flavor | _________ ☐ None |
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| Beyond-Use Date (BUD) | ________________________________ |
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| Storage Requirements | ☐ Refrigerate (2-8°C) ☐ Room temperature ☐ Protect from light |
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## Calculations
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### Dosage Form Used
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☐ Tablets
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☐ Capsules
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☐ Bulk powder
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**Product Details:**
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- Manufacturer: _______________________
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- Strength: _________ mg per tablet/capsule
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- NDC: _______________________
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- Lot Number: _______________________
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- Expiration Date: _______________________
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### Quantity Calculation
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**Quantity Needed:**
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```
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Desired concentration: _______ mg/mL
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Final volume needed: _______ mL
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Total drug needed: _______ mL × _______ mg/mL = _______ mg total
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```
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**Dosage Forms Required:**
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```
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_______ mg total ÷ _______ mg per unit = _______ units
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Round up to: _______ tablets/capsules
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(includes overage: ______ %)
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```
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**Verified by:** _________________ (Second pharmacist initials)
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## Ingredients
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| Ingredient | Manufacturer/Brand | Lot Number | Expiration Date | Quantity Used |
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|------------|-------------------|------------|-----------------|---------------|
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| [Drug name] | _______________ | __________ | ______________ | ______ units |
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| Suspending vehicle | _______________ | __________ | ______________ | ______ mL |
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| Sweetening agent | _______________ | __________ | ______________ | ______ mL |
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| Flavoring (if used) | _______________ | __________ | ______________ | ______ mL |
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| Other: __________ | _______________ | __________ | ______________ | __________ |
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## Compounding Procedure
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### Preparation Checklist
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☐ Hand hygiene performed
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☐ Appropriate garbing (lab coat, gloves)
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☐ Work area cleaned and disinfected
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☐ Equipment cleaned and ready
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☐ All ingredients verified and gathered
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### Compounding Steps Completed
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☐ **Step 1:** Counted and verified ______ tablets/capsules
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☐ **Step 2:** Crushed tablets to fine powder / Emptied capsule contents
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☐ **Step 3:** Triturated to uniform powder
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☐ **Step 4:** Added small portion of vehicle, mixed to smooth paste
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☐ **Step 5:** Used geometric dilution, added vehicle in portions
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☐ **Step 6:** Transferred to graduated cylinder
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☐ **Step 7:** Rinsed mortar with vehicle
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☐ **Step 8:** Brought to final volume: _______ mL
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☐ **Step 9:** Added flavor (if applicable): _______ mL
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☐ **Step 10:** Transferred to final container
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☐ **Step 11:** Shook thoroughly for 30 seconds
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## Quality Control
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### Visual Inspection
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☐ Uniform suspension (no large particles)
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☐ Appropriate color
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☐ Smooth consistency
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☐ No visible contamination
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☐ Suspends well when shaken
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### Volume Verification
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- Target volume: _______ mL
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- Actual volume: _______ mL
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- Within acceptable range (±5%): ☐ Yes ☐ No
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### Concentration Verification
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```
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Total drug: _______ mg
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Final volume: _______ mL
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Concentration: _______ mg ÷ _______ mL = _______ mg/mL
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```
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☐ Matches intended concentration
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**Independent calculation by:** _________________ (Pharmacist initials)
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## Beyond-Use Date Determination
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**Stability Reference:**
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☐ Published study (citation): _________________________________
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☐ USP <795> general guidance: 14 days refrigerated / 30 days room temp
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☐ Manufacturer information
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☐ Trissel's Stability Reference
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☐ Other: _________________________________
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**BUD Assigned:** _________________________________
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**Rationale:** ___________________________________________________
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## Labeling
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☐ Patient name and date of birth
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☐ Medication name and concentration
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☐ "SHAKE WELL BEFORE EACH USE"
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☐ Directions for use
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☐ Beyond-use date
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☐ Storage instructions
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☐ "For Oral Use Only"
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☐ Flavor (if added)
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☐ Pharmacist initials
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☐ Compounding date
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☐ Auxiliary labels (if applicable)
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**Oral syringe provided:** ☐ Yes (size: _____ mL) ☐ No ☐ N/A
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## Final Verification
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### Pharmacist Final Check
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☐ Correct medication and strength
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☐ Accurate calculations verified
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☐ Appropriate concentration for patient
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☐ Correct labeling
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☐ BUD appropriate and documented
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☐ Storage instructions clear
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☐ Quality checks passed
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**Verifying Pharmacist:**
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- Name: _________________________
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- License #: _________________________
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- Signature: _________________________
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- Date/Time: _________________________
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## Counseling Points Provided
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☐ Shake well before each use
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☐ Use oral syringe for accurate dosing
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☐ Storage requirements explained
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☐ Beyond-use date explained
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☐ Administration technique demonstrated
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☐ Side effects discussed
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☐ Importance of completing therapy
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**Counseled by:** __________________ Date/Time: __________
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## Documentation
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|
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### Compounded by
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- Technician/Pharmacist Name: _________________________
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- Signature: _________________________
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- Date/Time: _________________________
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### Checked by
|
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- Pharmacist Name: _________________________
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- License #: _________________________
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- Signature: _________________________
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- Date/Time: _________________________
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||||||
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## Cleanup
|
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☐ All equipment washed and dried
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☐ Work surface disinfected
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☐ Waste disposed of appropriately
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☐ Ingredients returned to storage
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**Cleaned by:** __________________ Date/Time: __________
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||||||
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|
||||||
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## Notes/Deviations
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
_____________________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
_____________________________________________________________________
|
||||||
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_____________________________________________________________________
|
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|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
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## For Pharmacy Records
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
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**Record Retention:** Per state board requirements (minimum 3 years)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Filed in:** ☐ Compounding logs ☐ Patient profile ☐ Both
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Log reviewed by:** ______________ Date: ________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*Form FRM-COMP-001 Rev 1.0 - Pediatric Pharmacy Compounding*
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0
Forms/Controlled-Substance/.gitkeep
Normal file
0
Forms/Controlled-Substance/.gitkeep
Normal file
0
Forms/Dose-Calculation/.gitkeep
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0
Forms/Dose-Calculation/.gitkeep
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@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
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# Pediatric Dose Calculation Worksheet
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
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| Document ID | FRM-DOSE-001 |
|
||||||
|
|-------------|--------------|
|
||||||
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| Title | Pediatric Dose Calculation Worksheet |
|
||||||
|
| Revision | 1.0 |
|
||||||
|
| Effective Date | [DATE] |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Patient Information
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Field | Value |
|
||||||
|
|-------|-------|
|
||||||
|
| Patient Name | _________________________ |
|
||||||
|
| Date of Birth | _________________________ |
|
||||||
|
| Age | _________________________ |
|
||||||
|
| Medical Record # | _________________________ |
|
||||||
|
| Date/Time of Calculation | _________________________ |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Patient Measurements
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Measurement | Value | Date/Time Obtained | Source |
|
||||||
|
|-------------|-------|-------------------|---------|
|
||||||
|
| Weight (kg) | _________ kg | _____________ | ☐ Inpatient chart ☐ Outpatient ☐ Parent-reported |
|
||||||
|
| Height (cm) | _________ cm | _____________ | ☐ Inpatient chart ☐ Outpatient ☐ Parent-reported |
|
||||||
|
| BSA (m²) | _________ m² | _____________ | Calculation method: ☐ Mosteller ☐ DuBois ☐ Other: _____ |
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||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Weight Status:**
|
||||||
|
☐ Current per policy (specify timeframe): _____________
|
||||||
|
☐ Needs update - contacted: ☐ Nurse ☐ Clinic ☐ Parent
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Medication Order
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Field | Value |
|
||||||
|
|-------|-------|
|
||||||
|
| Medication | _________________________________________ |
|
||||||
|
| Indication | _________________________________________ |
|
||||||
|
| Ordered Dose | _________________________________________ |
|
||||||
|
| Dosing Frequency | _________________________________________ |
|
||||||
|
| Route | _________________________________________ |
|
||||||
|
| Prescriber | _________________________________________ |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Dose Calculation
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Dosing Type
|
||||||
|
☐ Weight-based (mg/kg)
|
||||||
|
☐ BSA-based (mg/m²)
|
||||||
|
☐ Fixed dose (no calculation needed)
|
||||||
|
☐ Other: _______________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Calculation Method
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**If Weight-Based:**
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
Dose ordered: ________ mg/kg/dose OR ________ mg/kg/day
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Calculation:
|
||||||
|
_______ kg × _______ mg/kg/dose = _______ mg/dose
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
OR (if total daily dose):
|
||||||
|
_______ kg × _______ mg/kg/day = _______ mg/day
|
||||||
|
_______ mg/day ÷ _______ doses/day = _______ mg/dose
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**If BSA-Based:**
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
Dose ordered: ________ mg/m²/dose OR ________ mg/m²/day
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Calculation:
|
||||||
|
_______ m² × _______ mg/m²/dose = _______ mg/dose
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
OR (if total daily dose):
|
||||||
|
_______ m² × _______ mg/m²/day = _______ mg/day
|
||||||
|
_______ mg/day ÷ _______ doses/day = _______ mg/dose
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Final Dose
|
||||||
|
**Calculated Dose:** __________ mg/dose
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Rounded/Dispensed Dose:** __________ mg/dose
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Reason for rounding (if applicable):**
|
||||||
|
☐ Available dosage form
|
||||||
|
☐ Measurable quantity
|
||||||
|
☐ Patient-specific factors
|
||||||
|
☐ Other: _______________________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Dose Verification
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Reference Check
|
||||||
|
**Reference Source(s):** ☐ Lexicomp ☐ Micromedex ☐ Harriet Lane ☐ Neofax ☐ Other: __________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Recommended Dosing Range for Indication:**
|
||||||
|
- Minimum: __________ mg/kg/dose (or mg/m²/dose)
|
||||||
|
- Maximum: __________ mg/kg/dose (or mg/m²/dose)
|
||||||
|
- Frequency: __________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Calculated dose within range?** ☐ Yes ☐ No
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**If NO, action taken:**
|
||||||
|
☐ Clarified with prescriber (see notes)
|
||||||
|
☐ Clinical justification documented
|
||||||
|
☐ Order discontinued
|
||||||
|
☐ Other: _______________________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Maximum Dose Check
|
||||||
|
**Maximum dose per dose:** __________ mg (if applicable)
|
||||||
|
**Maximum dose per day:** __________ mg (if applicable)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Does calculated dose exceed maximum?** ☐ Yes ☐ No ☐ N/A
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**If YES, dispensed dose:** __________ mg (maximum dose applied)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Age-Specific Considerations
|
||||||
|
☐ Dose appropriate for patient age
|
||||||
|
☐ Formulation appropriate for patient age/development
|
||||||
|
☐ No age-specific contraindications
|
||||||
|
☐ Age-specific warnings reviewed
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Special Populations
|
||||||
|
☐ Renal adjustment needed - CrCl: _____ mL/min - Adjusted dose: _____ mg
|
||||||
|
☐ Hepatic adjustment needed - Severity: _____ - Adjusted dose: _____ mg
|
||||||
|
☐ Obese (>95th percentile) - Used: ☐ Actual weight ☐ Ideal weight ☐ Adjusted weight
|
||||||
|
☐ Premature infant - Gestational age: _____ weeks - PMA: _____ weeks
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## High-Alert Medication Independent Double-Check
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Is this a high-alert medication?** ☐ Yes ☐ No
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**If YES, complete independent verification:**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### First Pharmacist Calculation
|
||||||
|
- Pharmacist Name: _________________________ Date/Time: _________
|
||||||
|
- Calculated Dose: __________ mg/dose
|
||||||
|
- Within Range: ☐ Yes ☐ No
|
||||||
|
- Signature: _________________________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Second Pharmacist Independent Calculation
|
||||||
|
- Pharmacist Name: _________________________ Date/Time: _________
|
||||||
|
- Calculated Dose: __________ mg/dose
|
||||||
|
- Within Range: ☐ Yes ☐ No
|
||||||
|
- Signature: _________________________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Verification Result
|
||||||
|
☐ Calculations match - Proceed
|
||||||
|
☐ Discrepancy identified - see resolution below
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Discrepancy Resolution:**
|
||||||
|
_________________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
_________________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Final Verification and Approval
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Final Dose to Dispense:** __________ mg per dose
|
||||||
|
**Quantity to Dispense:** __________ (doses/volume)
|
||||||
|
**Dosing Instructions:** _______________________________________________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Off-Label Use?** ☐ Yes ☐ No
|
||||||
|
**If YES, clinical justification:** _____________________________________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Pharmacist Final Verification:**
|
||||||
|
- Name: _________________________
|
||||||
|
- License #: _________________________
|
||||||
|
- Signature: _________________________
|
||||||
|
- Date/Time: _________________________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Notes/Comments
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
_____________________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
_____________________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
_____________________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
_____________________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Disposition
|
||||||
|
☐ Dose verified and approved - proceed with dispensing
|
||||||
|
☐ Contacted prescriber for clarification
|
||||||
|
☐ Order modified per prescriber
|
||||||
|
☐ Order discontinued
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**For Pharmacy Use Only**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Calculation reviewed by: _____________ Date: ________ Time: ________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Filed in: ☐ Patient chart ☐ Pharmacy records ☐ Both
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*Form FRM-DOSE-001 Rev 1.0 - Pediatric Pharmacy*
|
||||||
0
Forms/Temperature-Logs/.gitkeep
Normal file
0
Forms/Temperature-Logs/.gitkeep
Normal file
0
Forms/Training/.gitkeep
Normal file
0
Forms/Training/.gitkeep
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,339 @@
|
|||||||
|
# Pediatric Pharmacy Competency Assessment
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Document ID | FRM-004 |
|
||||||
|
|-------------|---------|
|
||||||
|
| Title | Pediatric Pharmacy Competency Assessment |
|
||||||
|
| Revision | 1.0 |
|
||||||
|
| Effective Date | [DATE] |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Employee Information
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Field | Value |
|
||||||
|
|-------|-------|
|
||||||
|
| Employee Name | ________________________________ |
|
||||||
|
| Position | ☐ Pediatric Pharmacist ☐ Pharmacy Technician ☐ Pharmacy Resident ☐ Student |
|
||||||
|
| License/Registration # | ________________________________ |
|
||||||
|
| Hire Date | ________________________________ |
|
||||||
|
| Assessment Date | ________________________________ |
|
||||||
|
| Assessment Type | ☐ Initial ☐ Annual ☐ Triggered ☐ Return from leave |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Assessor Information
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Field | Value |
|
||||||
|
|-------|-------|
|
||||||
|
| Assessor Name | ________________________________ |
|
||||||
|
| Title | ________________________________ |
|
||||||
|
| License # | ________________________________ |
|
||||||
|
| Date | ________________________________ |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Part 1: Pediatric Dosing Calculations
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Instructions:** Complete all calculations. 100% accuracy required. Show all work.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Scenario 1: Weight-Based Dosing
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Patient:** 3-year-old male, weight 14.2 kg
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Order:** Amoxicillin 40 mg/kg/day divided every 8 hours
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Questions:**
|
||||||
|
1. Calculate total daily dose: ____________ mg/day
|
||||||
|
2. Calculate individual dose: ____________ mg per dose
|
||||||
|
3. Is this dose within the recommended range for amoxicillin (20-90 mg/kg/day)? ☐ Yes ☐ No
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Work shown:**
|
||||||
|
_____________________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
_____________________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Scenario 2: Maximum Dose Application
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Patient:** 12-year-old female, weight 52 kg
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Order:** Ondansetron 0.15 mg/kg IV for nausea
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Questions:**
|
||||||
|
1. Calculate dose based on weight: ____________ mg
|
||||||
|
2. Maximum dose for ondansetron is 16 mg. What dose would you dispense? ____________ mg
|
||||||
|
3. Why? _____________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Work shown:**
|
||||||
|
_____________________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
_____________________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Scenario 3: BSA-Based Dosing
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Patient:** 7-year-old male, weight 25 kg, height 120 cm, BSA 0.92 m²
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Order:** Vincristine 1.5 mg/m² IV (chemotherapy)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Questions:**
|
||||||
|
1. Calculate dose: ____________ mg
|
||||||
|
2. This dose will be independently verified by a second pharmacist because:
|
||||||
|
☐ High-alert medication
|
||||||
|
☐ Chemotherapy
|
||||||
|
☐ Both
|
||||||
|
☐ Neither
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Work shown:**
|
||||||
|
_____________________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
_____________________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Scenario 4: Neonatal Dosing
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Patient:** Premature infant, gestational age 32 weeks, postnatal age 5 days, weight 1.8 kg
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Order:** Gentamicin 4 mg/kg/dose IV every 24 hours
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Questions:**
|
||||||
|
1. Calculate dose: ____________ mg
|
||||||
|
2. For a 10 mg/mL concentration, what volume is needed? ____________ mL
|
||||||
|
3. Does the extended interval (q24h) make sense for this patient? ☐ Yes ☐ No
|
||||||
|
Why? ____________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Work shown:**
|
||||||
|
_____________________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
_____________________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Scenario 5: Dilution Calculation
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Patient:** 6-month-old infant, weight 7.5 kg
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Order:** Digoxin 10 mcg/kg/day divided BID
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Available:** Digoxin elixir 50 mcg/mL
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Questions:**
|
||||||
|
1. Total daily dose: ____________ mcg/day
|
||||||
|
2. Individual dose: ____________ mcg per dose
|
||||||
|
3. Volume to administer per dose: ____________ mL
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Work shown:**
|
||||||
|
_____________________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
_____________________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Part 2: Knowledge Assessment
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Instructions:** Answer all questions.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 1. Pediatric Age Categories
|
||||||
|
Match the age to the correct category:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Age | Category |
|
||||||
|
|-----|----------|
|
||||||
|
| 2 months | ☐ Neonate ☐ Infant ☐ Child ☐ Adolescent |
|
||||||
|
| 15 days | ☐ Neonate ☐ Infant ☐ Child ☐ Adolescent |
|
||||||
|
| 5 years | ☐ Neonate ☐ Infant ☐ Child ☐ Adolescent |
|
||||||
|
| 16 years | ☐ Neonate ☐ Infant ☐ Child ☐ Adolescent |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 2. High-Alert Medications
|
||||||
|
List 5 high-alert medications in pediatrics that require independent double-check:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. _________________________________
|
||||||
|
2. _________________________________
|
||||||
|
3. _________________________________
|
||||||
|
4. _________________________________
|
||||||
|
5. _________________________________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3. Weight Currency
|
||||||
|
What is the maximum age of weight for the following patient types?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- NICU/critical care inpatients: ☐ 24 hours ☐ 72 hours ☐ 1 week
|
||||||
|
- General inpatients: ☐ 24 hours ☐ 72 hours ☐ 1 week
|
||||||
|
- Outpatient infants (<1 year): ☐ 1 month ☐ 3 months ☐ 6 months
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 4. USP Standards
|
||||||
|
Which USP chapter covers non-sterile compounding?
|
||||||
|
☐ USP <795>
|
||||||
|
☐ USP <797>
|
||||||
|
☐ USP <800>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Which USP chapter covers sterile compounding?
|
||||||
|
☐ USP <795>
|
||||||
|
☐ USP <797>
|
||||||
|
☐ USP <800>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5. Off-Label Use
|
||||||
|
Approximately what percentage of medications used in pediatrics are off-label?
|
||||||
|
☐ <10%
|
||||||
|
☐ 25-30%
|
||||||
|
☐ 50-70%
|
||||||
|
☐ >90%
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Part 3: Practical Skills Assessment
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Instructions:** Assessor observes and evaluates performance.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Skill 1: Order Verification and Dosing
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Task:** Process a pediatric medication order from start to finish
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Step | Satisfactory | Needs Improvement | Not Observed |
|
||||||
|
|------|--------------|-------------------|--------------|
|
||||||
|
| Verifies patient identity (name, DOB, MRN) | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
||||||
|
| Obtains current patient weight | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
||||||
|
| Verifies weight is current per policy | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
||||||
|
| Calculates dose accurately | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
||||||
|
| Checks dose against reference range | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
||||||
|
| Verifies maximum dose not exceeded | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
||||||
|
| Documents calculation appropriately | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
||||||
|
| Obtains independent verification if required | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
||||||
|
| Selects age-appropriate formulation | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Overall Performance:** ☐ Competent ☐ Needs additional training
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Comments:** ___________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Skill 2: Compounding Oral Suspension (if applicable)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Task:** Compound an oral suspension from tablets following SOP
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Step | Satisfactory | Needs Improvement | Not Observed |
|
||||||
|
|------|--------------|-------------------|--------------|
|
||||||
|
| Performs calculations correctly | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
||||||
|
| Prepares workspace appropriately | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
||||||
|
| Uses proper hand hygiene and garbing | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
||||||
|
| Crushes tablets to fine powder | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
||||||
|
| Uses geometric dilution correctly | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
||||||
|
| Achieves smooth, uniform suspension | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
||||||
|
| Brings to accurate final volume | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
||||||
|
| Labels correctly with all required info | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
||||||
|
| Assigns appropriate BUD | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
||||||
|
| Documents in compounding log | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Overall Performance:** ☐ Competent ☐ Needs additional training
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Comments:** ___________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Skill 3: Patient/Family Counseling
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Task:** Counsel parent/guardian on pediatric medication
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Step | Satisfactory | Needs Improvement | Not Observed |
|
||||||
|
|------|--------------|-------------------|--------------|
|
||||||
|
| Introduces self and confirms patient | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
||||||
|
| Uses age-appropriate language | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
||||||
|
| Explains indication for medication | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
||||||
|
| Demonstrates dose measurement | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
||||||
|
| Emphasizes importance of accurate dosing | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
||||||
|
| Explains administration technique | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
||||||
|
| Reviews storage requirements | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
||||||
|
| Discusses common side effects | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
||||||
|
| Emphasizes completing full course | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
||||||
|
| Provides opportunity for questions | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Overall Performance:** ☐ Competent ☐ Needs additional training
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Comments:** ___________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Part 4: Scenario-Based Assessment
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Scenario: Potential Error Identification
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Situation:** A 2-month-old infant (4.5 kg) has an order for gentamicin 15 mg IV every 8 hours.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Usual neonatal dosing:** 4-5 mg/kg/dose every 24-48 hours (extended interval)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Questions:**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. Do you see any concerns with this order? ☐ Yes ☐ No
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
2. If yes, what are they?
|
||||||
|
_________________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
_________________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
3. What action would you take?
|
||||||
|
☐ Dispense as ordered
|
||||||
|
☐ Contact prescriber for clarification
|
||||||
|
☐ Refuse to fill
|
||||||
|
☐ Other: __________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
4. Calculate what the dose should likely be:
|
||||||
|
_________________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Assessor evaluation:**
|
||||||
|
☐ Correctly identified potential error
|
||||||
|
☐ Appropriate action plan
|
||||||
|
☐ Accurate alternative dose calculation
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Assessment Results
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Part 1: Dosing Calculations
|
||||||
|
- Scenarios correct: ______ / 5
|
||||||
|
- **Required: 5/5 (100%)**
|
||||||
|
- Result: ☐ **PASS** ☐ **FAIL**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Part 2: Knowledge Assessment
|
||||||
|
- Questions correct: ______ / 9
|
||||||
|
- **Required: 7/9 (78%)**
|
||||||
|
- Result: ☐ **PASS** ☐ **FAIL**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Part 3: Practical Skills
|
||||||
|
- Skills demonstrated competently: ______ / 3
|
||||||
|
- **Required: 3/3**
|
||||||
|
- Result: ☐ **PASS** ☐ **FAIL**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Part 4: Scenario Assessment
|
||||||
|
- Result: ☐ **PASS** ☐ **FAIL**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Overall Assessment Result
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
☐ **COMPETENT** - All sections passed, authorized for independent practice
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
☐ **NEEDS REMEDIATION** - See below for areas needing improvement
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
☐ **NOT COMPETENT** - Requires additional training before reassessment
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Areas Needing Improvement:
|
||||||
|
_____________________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
_____________________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
_____________________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Remediation Plan:
|
||||||
|
_____________________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
_____________________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
_____________________________________________________________________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Reassessment Date:** ____________________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Signatures
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Employee
|
||||||
|
I have completed this competency assessment to the best of my ability.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Signature:** _________________________ **Date:** __________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Assessor
|
||||||
|
I have assessed this employee's competency in pediatric pharmacy practice.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Signature:** _________________________ **Date:** __________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Printed Name:** _________________________ **License #:** __________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Pharmacy Manager (if remediation required)
|
||||||
|
**Signature:** _________________________ **Date:** __________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Record Retention:** Maintained in employee file per regulatory requirements
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Next Assessment Due:** ____________________
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*Form FRM-004 Rev 1.0 - Pediatric Pharmacy*
|
||||||
107
Policies/POL-001-Quality-Policy.md
Normal file
107
Policies/POL-001-Quality-Policy.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
|
|||||||
|
# Pediatric Pharmacy Quality Policy
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Document ID | POL-001 |
|
||||||
|
|-------------|---------|
|
||||||
|
| Title | Pediatric Pharmacy Quality Policy |
|
||||||
|
| Revision | 1.0 |
|
||||||
|
| Effective Date | [DATE] |
|
||||||
|
| Author | [AUTHOR] |
|
||||||
|
| Approved By | [APPROVER] |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 1. Policy Statement
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[ORGANIZATION NAME] Pediatric Pharmacy is committed to providing safe, effective, and developmentally appropriate pharmaceutical care for infants, children, and adolescents. We strive for excellence in pediatric medication therapy through evidence-based practices, continuous quality improvement, and unwavering commitment to medication safety for our youngest patients.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 2. Quality Objectives
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Our pediatric pharmacy commits to:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. **Pediatric Patient Safety**: Ensuring accurate dosing calculations and age-appropriate formulations for all pediatric patients
|
||||||
|
2. **Medication Error Prevention**: Implementing multiple verification systems to prevent calculation errors, wrong doses, and medication mix-ups
|
||||||
|
3. **Regulatory Compliance**: Maintaining compliance with all applicable pharmacy regulations, USP standards, and pediatric-specific guidelines
|
||||||
|
4. **Clinical Excellence**: Providing evidence-based pharmaceutical care appropriate to each developmental stage (neonate, infant, child, adolescent)
|
||||||
|
5. **Family-Centered Care**: Engaging parents, guardians, and age-appropriate patients in medication education and counseling
|
||||||
|
6. **Continuous Improvement**: Continually improving pediatric pharmacy processes through data analysis, error reporting, and quality initiatives
|
||||||
|
7. **Staff Competency**: Ensuring all pharmacy personnel are trained and competent in pediatric-specific calculations, compounding, and safety protocols
|
||||||
|
8. **Off-Label Use Management**: Documenting and monitoring off-label medication use with appropriate clinical justification
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 3. Pediatric-Specific Commitments
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Top management and the pharmacy leadership demonstrate commitment to pediatric pharmaceutical care by:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- Ensuring weight-based and BSA-based dosing verification for all pediatric orders
|
||||||
|
- Implementing independent double-check systems for high-alert medications in children
|
||||||
|
- Providing access to pediatric dosing references and calculation tools
|
||||||
|
- Maintaining competency in pediatric compounding, including flavoring and age-appropriate formulations
|
||||||
|
- Ensuring proper handling of neonatal medications, including dilutions and concentrations
|
||||||
|
- Supporting pediatric medication safety initiatives and error prevention programs
|
||||||
|
- Maintaining compliance with USP <795>, <797>, and <800> for pediatric preparations
|
||||||
|
- Documenting and reviewing all pediatric medication errors and near-misses
|
||||||
|
- Ensuring appropriate transition of care protocols from neonatal to pediatric to adult services
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 4. Scope
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This policy applies to all personnel involved in:
|
||||||
|
- Pediatric medication order verification
|
||||||
|
- Dosing calculation and verification
|
||||||
|
- Pediatric compounding (sterile and non-sterile)
|
||||||
|
- Neonatal medication preparation
|
||||||
|
- Pediatric chemotherapy preparation
|
||||||
|
- TPN compounding for neonates and children
|
||||||
|
- Vaccine storage and administration
|
||||||
|
- Medication counseling for pediatric patients and families
|
||||||
|
- Controlled substance management for minors
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This policy covers patients from birth through 18 years of age (or up to 21 years as defined by institutional policy).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 5. High-Alert Medications in Pediatrics
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
We recognize that certain medications pose heightened risk in pediatric populations and require additional safeguards:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- Concentrated electrolytes (potassium, sodium chloride >0.9%, calcium)
|
||||||
|
- Insulin and hypoglycemic agents
|
||||||
|
- Opioids and sedatives in neonates and infants
|
||||||
|
- Chemotherapy agents
|
||||||
|
- Anticoagulants (heparin, enoxaparin)
|
||||||
|
- Neuromuscular blocking agents
|
||||||
|
- IV medications requiring dilution or dose calculation
|
||||||
|
- Medications with narrow therapeutic indices in children
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 6. Dosing Safety
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
All pediatric medication orders must include:
|
||||||
|
- Patient's current weight (in kg)
|
||||||
|
- Patient's age (or gestational age for neonates)
|
||||||
|
- Indication for use (especially for off-label medications)
|
||||||
|
- Dose expressed in appropriate units (mg/kg, mg/m², etc.)
|
||||||
|
- Maximum dose limits verified
|
||||||
|
- Calculation verification by independent pharmacist
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 7. Communication
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This policy shall be:
|
||||||
|
- Communicated to all pharmacy personnel and relevant clinical staff
|
||||||
|
- Reviewed annually and updated as pediatric pharmacy practice standards evolve
|
||||||
|
- Available to parents and guardians upon request
|
||||||
|
- Integrated into new employee orientation and ongoing training
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 8. Quality Monitoring
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Quality indicators for pediatric pharmacy include:
|
||||||
|
- Pediatric medication error rates (by category)
|
||||||
|
- Dosing calculation errors prevented
|
||||||
|
- Compounding accuracy and sterility testing results
|
||||||
|
- Time to preparation for stat neonatal/pediatric orders
|
||||||
|
- Off-label use documentation compliance
|
||||||
|
- Parent/guardian counseling completion rates
|
||||||
|
- Staff competency assessment results
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Revision History
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Rev | Date | Description | Author |
|
||||||
|
|-----|------|-------------|--------|
|
||||||
|
| 1.0 | [DATE] | Initial release | [AUTHOR] |
|
||||||
122
README.md
122
README.md
@@ -1,3 +1,123 @@
|
|||||||
# pediatric-pharmacy
|
# Pediatric Pharmacy Quality Management System
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
A comprehensive QMS template designed for pediatric pharmacy operations including hospital pediatric services, neonatal intensive care, pediatric oncology, and specialized pediatric compounding.
|
A comprehensive QMS template designed for pediatric pharmacy operations including hospital pediatric services, neonatal intensive care, pediatric oncology, and specialized pediatric compounding.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 👶 Designed For
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- **Pediatric Hospital Pharmacies** - Inpatient and outpatient pediatric services
|
||||||
|
- **Neonatal Intensive Care (NICU)** - Specialized neonatal medication preparation
|
||||||
|
- **Pediatric Oncology Pharmacies** - Chemotherapy preparation for children
|
||||||
|
- **Pediatric Compounding Pharmacies** - Age-appropriate formulations and flavoring
|
||||||
|
- **Children's Hospital Central Pharmacies** - Comprehensive pediatric medication services
|
||||||
|
- **Pediatric Specialty Clinics** - Outpatient pediatric medication management
|
||||||
|
- **Pediatric Home Infusion** - Home-based pediatric therapy
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 📋 Regulatory Framework
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This template supports compliance with:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- **State Board of Pharmacy** regulations for pediatric services
|
||||||
|
- **DEA** (Drug Enforcement Administration) requirements for controlled substances in minors
|
||||||
|
- **FDA** regulations for pediatric drug handling and off-label use
|
||||||
|
- **USP <795>** - Non-Sterile Compounding (pediatric formulations)
|
||||||
|
- **USP <797>** - Sterile Compounding (NICU, TPN, chemotherapy)
|
||||||
|
- **USP <800>** - Hazardous Drug Handling (pediatric oncology)
|
||||||
|
- **Joint Commission** - Pediatric medication safety standards
|
||||||
|
- **ISMP** (Institute for Safe Medication Practices) - Pediatric medication safety guidelines
|
||||||
|
- **AAP** (American Academy of Pediatrics) - Pediatric pharmacy practice standards
|
||||||
|
- **PPAG** (Pediatric Pharmacy Association) - Best practices
|
||||||
|
- **HIPAA** - Patient privacy and data protection for minors
|
||||||
|
- **ACIP** - Vaccine storage and administration guidelines
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Repository Structure
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
├── SOPs/
|
||||||
|
│ ├── Dosing-Verification/ # Weight/BSA-based dosing verification
|
||||||
|
│ ├── Compounding/ # Pediatric formulations & flavoring
|
||||||
|
│ ├── Chemotherapy/ # Pediatric oncology preparations
|
||||||
|
│ ├── Patient-Safety/ # Pediatric-specific error prevention
|
||||||
|
│ ├── Controlled-Substances/ # DEA compliance for minors
|
||||||
|
│ ├── Inventory/ # Pediatric drug procurement
|
||||||
|
│ └── General/ # General pharmacy operations
|
||||||
|
├── Forms/
|
||||||
|
│ ├── Dose-Calculation/ # Weight/BSA dosing worksheets
|
||||||
|
│ ├── Compounding-Records/ # Pediatric formulation logs
|
||||||
|
│ ├── Temperature-Logs/ # Vaccine & medication storage
|
||||||
|
│ ├── Controlled-Substance/ # DEA forms for pediatric patients
|
||||||
|
│ └── Training/ # Competency assessments
|
||||||
|
├── Policies/ # Pediatric pharmacy policies
|
||||||
|
├── Work-Instructions/ # Step-by-step procedures
|
||||||
|
└── Templates/ # Document templates
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 🤖 AI-Powered Assistance
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This repository includes **AtomicAI**, your pediatric pharmacy QMS assistant. Mention `@atomicai` in any issue or pull request to:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- Draft pediatric pharmacy SOPs following best practices
|
||||||
|
- Create weight-based and BSA-based dosing protocols
|
||||||
|
- Generate pediatric compounding formulation records
|
||||||
|
- Develop neonatal medication safety procedures
|
||||||
|
- Create pediatric chemotherapy preparation protocols
|
||||||
|
- Review documents for pediatric medication safety compliance
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Example Prompts
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- "@atomicai create an SOP for neonatal TPN compounding per USP 797"
|
||||||
|
- "@atomicai draft a weight-based dosing verification procedure"
|
||||||
|
- "@atomicai write a policy for pediatric high-alert medications"
|
||||||
|
- "@atomicai create a pediatric chemotherapy preparation checklist"
|
||||||
|
- "@atomicai develop an off-label medication documentation form"
|
||||||
|
- "@atomicai create a neonatal medication error prevention protocol"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Getting Started
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. **Customize Policies** - Update policies in `/Policies` for your pediatric service
|
||||||
|
2. **Adapt SOPs** - Modify SOPs to match your pediatric workflow
|
||||||
|
3. **Set Up Dosing Tools** - Configure weight/BSA-based dosing verification forms
|
||||||
|
4. **Train Staff** - Use pediatric-specific competency forms
|
||||||
|
5. **Establish Safety Protocols** - Implement high-alert medication procedures for children
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Key Documents to Create First
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. **Weight-Based Dosing SOP** - Core pediatric dosing verification workflow
|
||||||
|
2. **Neonatal Medication Safety Policy** - Foundation for NICU safety
|
||||||
|
3. **Pediatric High-Alert Medications** - Critical safety protocols
|
||||||
|
4. **Compounding for Pediatrics SOP** - Age-appropriate formulations
|
||||||
|
5. **Off-Label Use Documentation** - Required for pediatric practice
|
||||||
|
6. **Chemotherapy Preparation SOP** - If providing pediatric oncology services
|
||||||
|
7. **TPN Compounding SOP** - If providing neonatal/pediatric nutrition support
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Special Considerations for Pediatric Pharmacy
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Dosing Calculations
|
||||||
|
- Weight-based dosing (mg/kg)
|
||||||
|
- Body surface area (BSA) calculations
|
||||||
|
- Age-appropriate dose ranges
|
||||||
|
- Maximum dose verification
|
||||||
|
- Renal/hepatic adjustments for children
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Compounding
|
||||||
|
- Suspension preparation from tablets/capsules
|
||||||
|
- Flavoring for palatability
|
||||||
|
- Low-concentration preparations
|
||||||
|
- Unit-dose packaging for accuracy
|
||||||
|
- Stability considerations for pediatric formulations
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Safety
|
||||||
|
- Double-check verification systems
|
||||||
|
- High-alert medications (concentrated electrolytes, insulin, etc.)
|
||||||
|
- Look-alike/sound-alike medications in pediatrics
|
||||||
|
- Calculation error prevention
|
||||||
|
- Transition of care (NICU to pediatric to adult)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Documentation
|
||||||
|
- Off-label use (>50% of pediatric medications)
|
||||||
|
- Age/weight at time of dispensing
|
||||||
|
- Parent/guardian counseling
|
||||||
|
- Developmental appropriateness
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*This template is maintained by AtomicQMS. For questions, open an issue in this repository.*
|
||||||
|
|||||||
0
SOPs/Chemotherapy/.gitkeep
Normal file
0
SOPs/Chemotherapy/.gitkeep
Normal file
0
SOPs/Compounding/.gitkeep
Normal file
0
SOPs/Compounding/.gitkeep
Normal file
284
SOPs/Compounding/SOP-COMP-001-Pediatric-Oral-Suspensions.md
Normal file
284
SOPs/Compounding/SOP-COMP-001-Pediatric-Oral-Suspensions.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,284 @@
|
|||||||
|
# Standard Operating Procedure: Compounding Pediatric Oral Suspensions
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Document ID | SOP-COMP-001 |
|
||||||
|
|-------------|---------|
|
||||||
|
| Title | Compounding Pediatric Oral Suspensions from Solid Dosage Forms |
|
||||||
|
| Revision | 1.0 |
|
||||||
|
| Effective Date | [DATE] |
|
||||||
|
| Author | [AUTHOR] |
|
||||||
|
| Approved By | [APPROVER] |
|
||||||
|
| Department | Pediatric Pharmacy - Compounding |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 1. Purpose
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
To establish a standardized process for compounding oral suspensions from tablets or capsules to provide age-appropriate, accurately dosed medications for pediatric patients when commercial liquid formulations are unavailable.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 2. Scope
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This procedure applies to non-sterile compounding of oral suspensions from solid dosage forms for pediatric patients. It covers:
|
||||||
|
- Crushing tablets or opening capsules
|
||||||
|
- Preparing suspensions in appropriate vehicles
|
||||||
|
- Flavoring for palatability
|
||||||
|
- Labeling and beyond-use dating
|
||||||
|
- Quality verification
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This procedure does not apply to:
|
||||||
|
- Hazardous drugs (see USP <800> procedures)
|
||||||
|
- Sterile preparations
|
||||||
|
- Commercial liquid formulations
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 3. Responsibilities
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3.1 Pharmacist
|
||||||
|
- Verifies formulation and calculations
|
||||||
|
- Selects appropriate vehicle and flavoring
|
||||||
|
- Determines beyond-use date
|
||||||
|
- Performs final verification
|
||||||
|
- Provides counseling on administration and storage
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3.2 Pharmacy Technician
|
||||||
|
- Prepares workspace
|
||||||
|
- Compounds suspension following procedure
|
||||||
|
- Labels container appropriately
|
||||||
|
- Cleans and documents
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3.3 Quality Reviewer
|
||||||
|
- Verifies calculations independently
|
||||||
|
- Checks final product
|
||||||
|
- Approves for dispensing
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 4. Definitions
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Term | Definition |
|
||||||
|
|------|------------|
|
||||||
|
| Oral Suspension | Liquid dosage form containing solid particles dispersed in liquid vehicle |
|
||||||
|
| Vehicle | Liquid base used to suspend active ingredient |
|
||||||
|
| Beyond-Use Date (BUD) | Date after which compounded preparation should not be used |
|
||||||
|
| Geometric Dilution | Technique for mixing small quantity with larger quantity by doubling proportions |
|
||||||
|
| Ora-Plus/Ora-Sweet | Common suspending vehicle and sweetening agent for pediatric suspensions |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 5. Equipment and Materials
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5.1 Equipment
|
||||||
|
- Mortar and pestle (appropriately sized)
|
||||||
|
- Graduated cylinder (appropriate volume)
|
||||||
|
- Amber or light-resistant bottle
|
||||||
|
- Spatula
|
||||||
|
- Weighing scale (class III or better)
|
||||||
|
- Calibrated oral syringes for measuring
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5.2 Materials
|
||||||
|
- Solid dosage form (tablets or capsules)
|
||||||
|
- Suspending vehicle (Ora-Plus, SyrSpend SF, methylcellulose, etc.)
|
||||||
|
- Sweetening agent (Ora-Sweet, Ora-Sweet SF, syrup, etc.)
|
||||||
|
- Flavoring (if needed)
|
||||||
|
- Appropriate label
|
||||||
|
- Compounding log
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 6. Procedure
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 6.1 Preparation and Planning
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. **Review Prescription**
|
||||||
|
- Verify medication, strength, and quantity
|
||||||
|
- Calculate total amount needed plus overage (typically 10-20%)
|
||||||
|
- Determine final concentration
|
||||||
|
- Check for drug-vehicle compatibility
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
2. **Select Vehicle and Flavoring**
|
||||||
|
- Choose appropriate vehicle for medication stability
|
||||||
|
- Consider patient age and preferences
|
||||||
|
- Select sugar-free vehicles if appropriate (diabetic patients)
|
||||||
|
- Choose flavoring (see Appendix A for flavor recommendations)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
3. **Calculate Beyond-Use Date**
|
||||||
|
- Reference stability data (published studies, manufacturers)
|
||||||
|
- Apply USP <795> guidelines if no data available:
|
||||||
|
- Aqueous formulations: Maximum 14 days refrigerated
|
||||||
|
- Non-aqueous formulations: Maximum 30 days
|
||||||
|
- Use most conservative date if multiple sources
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
4. **Gather Materials**
|
||||||
|
- Obtain correct tablets/capsules (verify NDC)
|
||||||
|
- Obtain vehicle and flavoring
|
||||||
|
- Select appropriate bottle size
|
||||||
|
- Prepare workspace
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 6.2 Compounding Process
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. **Hand Hygiene and Garbing**
|
||||||
|
- Wash hands thoroughly
|
||||||
|
- Don lab coat and gloves
|
||||||
|
- No jewelry on hands/wrists
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
2. **Clean Workspace**
|
||||||
|
- Disinfect compounding area
|
||||||
|
- Ensure equipment is clean and dry
|
||||||
|
- Remove unnecessary items
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
3. **Preparation of Solid Dosage Form**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**For Tablets:**
|
||||||
|
- Count correct number of tablets
|
||||||
|
- Place in mortar
|
||||||
|
- Crush to fine, uniform powder
|
||||||
|
- Triturate until no large particles remain
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**For Capsules:**
|
||||||
|
- Count correct number of capsules
|
||||||
|
- Empty capsule contents into mortar
|
||||||
|
- Discard empty capsule shells appropriately
|
||||||
|
- Mix powder thoroughly
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
4. **Geometric Dilution with Vehicle**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- Measure small amount of vehicle (approximately equal volume to powder)
|
||||||
|
- Add to powder in mortar
|
||||||
|
- Triturate to form smooth paste (no lumps)
|
||||||
|
- Add another equal portion of vehicle
|
||||||
|
- Mix thoroughly
|
||||||
|
- Continue doubling portions until all powder incorporated
|
||||||
|
- Transfer to graduated cylinder
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
5. **Add Remaining Vehicle**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- Rinse mortar with vehicle to capture all medication
|
||||||
|
- Transfer to graduated cylinder
|
||||||
|
- Add vehicle to desired final volume
|
||||||
|
- Add flavoring if using separate flavoring agent
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
6. **Mix Thoroughly**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- Cap bottle securely
|
||||||
|
- Shake vigorously for 30 seconds
|
||||||
|
- Visually inspect for uniform suspension
|
||||||
|
- No clumps or settling immediately after shaking
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 6.3 Quality Checks
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. **Visual Inspection**
|
||||||
|
- Color appropriate for ingredients
|
||||||
|
- Smooth consistency (no large particles)
|
||||||
|
- Uniform suspension when shaken
|
||||||
|
- No visible contamination
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
2. **Volume Verification**
|
||||||
|
- Final volume matches calculated volume (±5%)
|
||||||
|
- Adequate overage to allow for bottle hold-up
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
3. **Concentration Verification**
|
||||||
|
- Independent pharmacist verifies calculation
|
||||||
|
- Example: 30 tablets × 100 mg = 3000 mg in 150 mL = 20 mg/mL
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 6.4 Labeling
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Apply pharmacy label with following information:
|
||||||
|
- Patient name and date of birth
|
||||||
|
- Medication name and strength per volume (e.g., "20 mg/mL")
|
||||||
|
- Directions for use
|
||||||
|
- "SHAKE WELL BEFORE EACH USE"
|
||||||
|
- Beyond-use date
|
||||||
|
- Storage instructions (e.g., "Refrigerate" or "Store at room temperature")
|
||||||
|
- "For Oral Use Only"
|
||||||
|
- Flavor (if added)
|
||||||
|
- Auxiliary labels as appropriate
|
||||||
|
- Pharmacist initials
|
||||||
|
- Compounding date
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 6.5 Final Verification
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Pharmacist verifies:
|
||||||
|
- Correct medication and strength
|
||||||
|
- Accurate calculation
|
||||||
|
- Appropriate concentration for patient age and weight
|
||||||
|
- Correct labeling
|
||||||
|
- BUD appropriate
|
||||||
|
- Storage instructions clear
|
||||||
|
- Oral syringe provided for accurate dosing
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 6.6 Counseling Points
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Provide to patient/caregiver:
|
||||||
|
- Shake well before each use
|
||||||
|
- Use provided oral syringe for measuring (never household spoon)
|
||||||
|
- Storage requirements (refrigerate if required)
|
||||||
|
- Beyond-use date
|
||||||
|
- What to do if dose missed
|
||||||
|
- Possible side effects
|
||||||
|
- Complete full course even if feeling better
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 6.7 Documentation
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Complete compounding log with:
|
||||||
|
- Date and time
|
||||||
|
- Patient name
|
||||||
|
- Medication and strength
|
||||||
|
- Lot numbers of all ingredients
|
||||||
|
- Expiration dates of ingredients
|
||||||
|
- Calculations
|
||||||
|
- Final concentration and volume
|
||||||
|
- BUD assigned
|
||||||
|
- Compounding pharmacist/technician
|
||||||
|
- Verifying pharmacist
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 6.8 Cleanup
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- Wash all equipment with hot soapy water
|
||||||
|
- Rinse thoroughly and dry
|
||||||
|
- Disinfect work surface
|
||||||
|
- Dispose of waste appropriately
|
||||||
|
- Return ingredients to storage
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 7. Common Pediatric Suspensions
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Medication | Typical Concentration | Vehicle | Stability (refrigerated) |
|
||||||
|
|------------|----------------------|---------|--------------------------|
|
||||||
|
| Atenolol | 2 mg/mL | Ora-Plus/Ora-Sweet (1:1) | 60 days |
|
||||||
|
| Captopril | 1 mg/mL | Ora-Plus/Ora-Sweet (1:1) | 56 days |
|
||||||
|
| Clonidine | 0.1 mg/mL | Ora-Plus/Ora-Sweet SF (1:1) | 91 days |
|
||||||
|
| Enalapril | 1 mg/mL | Ora-Plus/Ora-Sweet SF (1:1) | 60 days |
|
||||||
|
| Propranolol | 1 mg/mL | Ora-Plus/Ora-Sweet (1:1) | 42 days |
|
||||||
|
| Spironolactone | 5 mg/mL | Ora-Plus/Ora-Sweet SF (1:1) | 60 days |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
*Always verify stability data from current references before compounding*
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 8. Appendix A: Pediatric Flavoring Guide
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Age Group | Preferred Flavors |
|
||||||
|
|-----------|-------------------|
|
||||||
|
| Infants (< 1 year) | Minimize flavoring; consider mother's diet if breastfeeding |
|
||||||
|
| Toddlers (1-3 years) | Cherry, grape, bubblegum, strawberry |
|
||||||
|
| Children (4-12 years) | Watermelon, grape, cherry, bubblegum, chocolate |
|
||||||
|
| Adolescents (13-18 years) | Fruit flavors, vanilla, chocolate |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Medication Type | Flavoring Recommendation |
|
||||||
|
|-----------------|--------------------------|
|
||||||
|
| Bitter medications | Chocolate, vanilla, or cream flavors |
|
||||||
|
| Salty medications | Citrus or fruit flavors |
|
||||||
|
| Acidic medications | Fruit punch or grape |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 9. Related Documents
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- FRM-COMP-001 Compounding Record
|
||||||
|
- Master Formulation Records (if established)
|
||||||
|
- USP <795> Pharmaceutical Compounding - Nonsterile Preparations
|
||||||
|
- Pediatric dosing references
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 10. References
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- USP <795> Pharmaceutical Compounding - Nonsterile Preparations
|
||||||
|
- ASHP Guidelines on Compounding Sterile Preparations
|
||||||
|
- Trissel's Stability of Compounded Formulations
|
||||||
|
- Paddock Laboratories Flavoring Guide
|
||||||
|
- State Board of Pharmacy compounding regulations
|
||||||
|
- Extemporaneous Formulations for Pediatric, Geriatric, and Special Needs Patients (ASHP)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Revision History
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Rev | Date | Description | Author |
|
||||||
|
|-----|------|-------------|--------|
|
||||||
|
| 1.0 | [DATE] | Initial release | [AUTHOR] |
|
||||||
0
SOPs/Controlled-Substances/.gitkeep
Normal file
0
SOPs/Controlled-Substances/.gitkeep
Normal file
0
SOPs/Dosing-Verification/.gitkeep
Normal file
0
SOPs/Dosing-Verification/.gitkeep
Normal file
240
SOPs/Dosing-Verification/SOP-DOSE-001-Weight-Based-Dosing.md
Normal file
240
SOPs/Dosing-Verification/SOP-DOSE-001-Weight-Based-Dosing.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
|
|||||||
|
# Standard Operating Procedure: Weight-Based Dosing Verification
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Document ID | SOP-DOSE-001 |
|
||||||
|
|-------------|---------|
|
||||||
|
| Title | Weight-Based Dosing Verification for Pediatric Patients |
|
||||||
|
| Revision | 1.0 |
|
||||||
|
| Effective Date | [DATE] |
|
||||||
|
| Author | [AUTHOR] |
|
||||||
|
| Approved By | [APPROVER] |
|
||||||
|
| Department | Pediatric Pharmacy |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 1. Purpose
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
To establish a standardized process for verifying weight-based medication dosing calculations for pediatric patients to ensure safe and accurate dosing and prevent calculation errors.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 2. Scope
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This procedure applies to all weight-based (mg/kg or mcg/kg) medication orders for pediatric patients from birth through 18 years of age (or institutional age limit). This includes orders for:
|
||||||
|
- Inpatient medications
|
||||||
|
- Outpatient prescriptions
|
||||||
|
- Emergency department medications
|
||||||
|
- Chemotherapy (see also SOP-CHEMO-XXX)
|
||||||
|
- Investigational medications
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 3. Responsibilities
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3.1 Prescriber
|
||||||
|
- Orders medication with appropriate indication
|
||||||
|
- Specifies patient weight or references weight in system
|
||||||
|
- Includes dosing frequency and duration
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3.2 Pharmacist
|
||||||
|
- Verifies patient weight is current
|
||||||
|
- Calculates dose based on weight
|
||||||
|
- Verifies dose is within therapeutic range
|
||||||
|
- Verifies maximum dose not exceeded
|
||||||
|
- Performs independent double-check for high-alert medications
|
||||||
|
- Documents verification
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3.3 Pharmacy Technician (if applicable per state law)
|
||||||
|
- May perform initial calculation
|
||||||
|
- Documents calculation method
|
||||||
|
- Flags order for pharmacist verification
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 4. Definitions
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Term | Definition |
|
||||||
|
|------|------------|
|
||||||
|
| Weight-based dosing | Medication dose calculated based on patient body weight (mg/kg or mcg/kg) |
|
||||||
|
| Current weight | Weight obtained within timeframe per institutional policy (typically 24-72 hours for inpatients) |
|
||||||
|
| Maximum dose | Upper limit of dose regardless of calculated weight-based dose |
|
||||||
|
| Therapeutic range | Accepted dosing range for specific indication and patient age |
|
||||||
|
| Independent double-check | Separate calculation by second pharmacist without viewing first calculation |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 5. Equipment/Resources Required
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- Pediatric dosing references (Lexicomp, Micromedex, Harriet Lane, etc.)
|
||||||
|
- Calculator or verified dosing calculator software
|
||||||
|
- Access to current patient weight in medical record
|
||||||
|
- Age-appropriate dosing guidelines
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 6. Procedure
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 6.1 Patient Information Verification
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. **Confirm Patient Identity**
|
||||||
|
- Verify patient name and date of birth
|
||||||
|
- Confirm medical record number
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
2. **Obtain Current Weight**
|
||||||
|
- Check date/time of most recent weight
|
||||||
|
- Ensure weight is current per institutional policy:
|
||||||
|
- NICU/critical care: Within 24 hours
|
||||||
|
- Inpatient: Within 72 hours
|
||||||
|
- Outpatient: Within 3-6 months (per age)
|
||||||
|
- If weight not current, request updated weight before proceeding
|
||||||
|
- Document weight used (value and date obtained)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
3. **Verify Weight Units**
|
||||||
|
- Confirm weight in kilograms (kg)
|
||||||
|
- If weight in pounds, convert: kg = pounds ÷ 2.2
|
||||||
|
- Round to appropriate decimal places (typically 0.1 kg)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 6.2 Dose Calculation
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. **Identify Prescribed Dose**
|
||||||
|
- Note ordered dose (mg/kg/dose or mg/kg/day)
|
||||||
|
- Identify dosing frequency
|
||||||
|
- Determine if dose is per dose or per day (total daily dose)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
2. **Calculate Individual Dose**
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
If ordered as mg/kg/dose:
|
||||||
|
Dose = Weight (kg) × mg/kg/dose
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
If ordered as mg/kg/day:
|
||||||
|
Total daily dose = Weight (kg) × mg/kg/day
|
||||||
|
Individual dose = Total daily dose ÷ number of doses per day
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
3. **Round Appropriately**
|
||||||
|
- Follow institutional rounding guidelines
|
||||||
|
- Consider available dosage forms
|
||||||
|
- Round to measurable quantity
|
||||||
|
- Be cautious with high-potency drugs (may require more precision)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 6.3 Dose Verification
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. **Reference Check**
|
||||||
|
- Consult pediatric dosing reference
|
||||||
|
- Verify dose is appropriate for:
|
||||||
|
- Patient age
|
||||||
|
- Indication
|
||||||
|
- Renal/hepatic function (if applicable)
|
||||||
|
- Check for age-specific restrictions
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
2. **Range Verification**
|
||||||
|
- Confirm calculated dose is within therapeutic range
|
||||||
|
- Check if dose falls within:
|
||||||
|
- Minimum effective dose
|
||||||
|
- Maximum recommended dose
|
||||||
|
- For unusual doses, document clinical rationale
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
3. **Maximum Dose Check**
|
||||||
|
- Identify if medication has maximum dose
|
||||||
|
- Verify calculated dose does not exceed adult or absolute maximum
|
||||||
|
- Document if maximum dose applied instead of calculated dose
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
4. **Special Populations**
|
||||||
|
- **Neonates**: Check if gestational age affects dosing
|
||||||
|
- **Obese patients**: Determine if ideal body weight should be used
|
||||||
|
- **Renal/hepatic impairment**: Apply dose adjustments if needed
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 6.4 Independent Double-Check (High-Alert Medications)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
For high-alert medications, independent verification required:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. **First Pharmacist**
|
||||||
|
- Performs calculation as outlined above
|
||||||
|
- Documents result
|
||||||
|
- Does not communicate result to second pharmacist
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
2. **Second Pharmacist**
|
||||||
|
- Independently obtains patient weight
|
||||||
|
- Independently calculates dose
|
||||||
|
- Independently verifies range and maximum
|
||||||
|
- Compares result with first pharmacist
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
3. **Discrepancy Resolution**
|
||||||
|
- If calculations match, proceed
|
||||||
|
- If discrepancy identified:
|
||||||
|
- Both pharmacists review calculation together
|
||||||
|
- Identify source of error
|
||||||
|
- Re-calculate if needed
|
||||||
|
- Document discrepancy and resolution
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 6.5 High-Alert Medications Requiring Independent Double-Check
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- Chemotherapy agents
|
||||||
|
- Insulin
|
||||||
|
- Opioids (for neonates/infants)
|
||||||
|
- Concentrated electrolytes
|
||||||
|
- Anticoagulants (heparin, enoxaparin)
|
||||||
|
- Neuromuscular blocking agents
|
||||||
|
- Moderate sedation agents
|
||||||
|
- [Add institution-specific medications]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 6.6 Documentation
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Document in pharmacy system or dosing worksheet:
|
||||||
|
- Patient weight and date
|
||||||
|
- Dose ordered (mg/kg)
|
||||||
|
- Calculated dose
|
||||||
|
- Dose rounded/dispensed
|
||||||
|
- Maximum dose verification (if applicable)
|
||||||
|
- Reference source
|
||||||
|
- Pharmacist initials/signature
|
||||||
|
- Second pharmacist verification (if applicable)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 6.7 Unusual Doses
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
For doses outside normal range but clinically justified:
|
||||||
|
1. Contact prescriber for clarification
|
||||||
|
2. Document prescriber confirmation
|
||||||
|
3. Document clinical rationale in pharmacy record
|
||||||
|
4. Consider additional verification by clinical pharmacist or pharmacy manager
|
||||||
|
5. Monitor patient response
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 7. Examples
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Example 1: Amoxicillin for Otitis Media
|
||||||
|
- Patient: 2-year-old, weight 12.5 kg
|
||||||
|
- Order: Amoxicillin 45 mg/kg/day divided BID
|
||||||
|
- Calculation:
|
||||||
|
- Total daily dose = 12.5 kg × 45 mg/kg/day = 562.5 mg/day
|
||||||
|
- Individual dose = 562.5 mg ÷ 2 = 281.25 mg per dose
|
||||||
|
- Rounded dose = 280 mg per dose (or 300 mg if using suspension)
|
||||||
|
- Reference check: Within range for acute otitis media (40-80 mg/kg/day)
|
||||||
|
- Maximum: Does not apply for amoxicillin
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Example 2: Vancomycin for MRSA (with maximum dose)
|
||||||
|
- Patient: 14-year-old, weight 75 kg
|
||||||
|
- Order: Vancomycin 15 mg/kg IV q12h
|
||||||
|
- Calculation:
|
||||||
|
- Individual dose = 75 kg × 15 mg/kg = 1,125 mg
|
||||||
|
- Maximum dose check: 1,000 mg per dose (typical maximum)
|
||||||
|
- **Dispense: 1,000 mg** (maximum dose applied)
|
||||||
|
- Document that maximum dose used instead of calculated dose
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 8. Quality Checks
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- Monthly review of dosing errors/near misses
|
||||||
|
- Audit of weight documentation compliance
|
||||||
|
- Review of maximum dose overrides
|
||||||
|
- Trending of calculation discrepancies in double-check process
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 9. Related Documents
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- FRM-DOSE-001 Pediatric Dose Calculation Worksheet
|
||||||
|
- SOP-CHEMO-XXX Chemotherapy Dosing Verification
|
||||||
|
- High-Alert Medication List
|
||||||
|
- Pediatric Dosing Reference Guide
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 10. References
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- ISMP Guidelines for Standard Order Sets
|
||||||
|
- ASHP Guidelines on Preventing Medication Errors in Hospitals
|
||||||
|
- Pediatric dosing references (Lexicomp, Micromedex)
|
||||||
|
- Institutional dosing guidelines
|
||||||
|
- State Board of Pharmacy practice standards
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Revision History
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Rev | Date | Description | Author |
|
||||||
|
|-----|------|-------------|--------|
|
||||||
|
| 1.0 | [DATE] | Initial release | [AUTHOR] |
|
||||||
0
SOPs/General/.gitkeep
Normal file
0
SOPs/General/.gitkeep
Normal file
0
SOPs/Inventory/.gitkeep
Normal file
0
SOPs/Inventory/.gitkeep
Normal file
0
SOPs/Patient-Safety/.gitkeep
Normal file
0
SOPs/Patient-Safety/.gitkeep
Normal file
377
SOPs/Patient-Safety/SOP-SAF-001-High-Alert-Medications.md
Normal file
377
SOPs/Patient-Safety/SOP-SAF-001-High-Alert-Medications.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,377 @@
|
|||||||
|
# Standard Operating Procedure: High-Alert Medications in Pediatrics
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Document ID | SOP-SAF-001 |
|
||||||
|
|-------------|---------|
|
||||||
|
| Title | High-Alert Medications in Pediatric Pharmacy |
|
||||||
|
| Revision | 1.0 |
|
||||||
|
| Effective Date | [DATE] |
|
||||||
|
| Author | [AUTHOR] |
|
||||||
|
| Approved By | [APPROVER] |
|
||||||
|
| Department | Pediatric Pharmacy - Patient Safety |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 1. Purpose
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
To establish additional safety measures for medications that have heightened risk of causing significant patient harm when used in error in pediatric populations, ensuring multiple layers of verification and safeguards.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 2. Scope
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This procedure applies to all high-alert medications used in pediatric patients (birth through 18 years) across all care settings, including:
|
||||||
|
- Inpatient units (including NICU, PICU)
|
||||||
|
- Emergency department
|
||||||
|
- Outpatient clinics
|
||||||
|
- Ambulatory infusion centers
|
||||||
|
- Discharge prescriptions
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 3. Responsibilities
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3.1 Pharmacy Director
|
||||||
|
- Maintains high-alert medication list
|
||||||
|
- Reviews list annually and after sentinel events
|
||||||
|
- Ensures adequate resources for safety measures
|
||||||
|
- Reports metrics to leadership
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3.2 Pharmacists
|
||||||
|
- Recognizes high-alert medications
|
||||||
|
- Performs independent double-check verification
|
||||||
|
- Implements additional safeguards
|
||||||
|
- Documents verification appropriately
|
||||||
|
- Educates patients/families on high-alert medications
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3.3 Pharmacy Technicians
|
||||||
|
- Flags high-alert medications for pharmacist review
|
||||||
|
- Applies auxiliary labels
|
||||||
|
- Follows storage and handling protocols
|
||||||
|
- Never performs final check on high-alert medications
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3.4 Quality/Safety Committee
|
||||||
|
- Reviews errors involving high-alert medications
|
||||||
|
- Updates protocols and safeguards
|
||||||
|
- Monitors compliance with procedures
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 4. Definitions
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Term | Definition |
|
||||||
|
|------|------------|
|
||||||
|
| High-Alert Medication | Medication with increased risk of causing significant harm when used in error |
|
||||||
|
| Independent Double-Check | Separate verification by second qualified individual without influence from first check |
|
||||||
|
| Look-Alike/Sound-Alike (LASA) | Medications that appear similar or have similar names, increasing error risk |
|
||||||
|
| Maximum Dose | Highest safe dose regardless of weight-based calculation |
|
||||||
|
| Forcing Function | Design feature that prevents errors (e.g., requiring two signatures) |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 5. Pediatric High-Alert Medication List
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5.1 Injectable High-Alert Medications
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Chemotherapy/Antineoplastics**
|
||||||
|
- All chemotherapy agents (see SOP-CHEMO-XXX for additional protocols)
|
||||||
|
- Methotrexate (all routes, all doses in pediatrics)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Cardiovascular**
|
||||||
|
- Digoxin injection
|
||||||
|
- Epinephrine (all concentrations)
|
||||||
|
- Vasopressors (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, vasopressin)
|
||||||
|
- Antiarrhythmics IV (amiodarone, lidocaine)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Anticoagulants**
|
||||||
|
- Heparin (all formulations)
|
||||||
|
- Enoxaparin
|
||||||
|
- Alteplase (tPA)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Electrolytes (Concentrated)**
|
||||||
|
- Potassium chloride injection (>0.3 mEq/mL or >20 mEq/dose)
|
||||||
|
- Potassium phosphate injection
|
||||||
|
- Sodium chloride injection (>0.9%)
|
||||||
|
- Calcium chloride/gluconate injection
|
||||||
|
- Magnesium sulfate injection (>50%)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Opioids and Sedatives (Neonates/Infants)**
|
||||||
|
- Morphine injection
|
||||||
|
- Fentanyl injection
|
||||||
|
- Hydromorphone injection
|
||||||
|
- Midazolam injection
|
||||||
|
- Lorazepam injection
|
||||||
|
- Propofol
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Neuromuscular Blocking Agents**
|
||||||
|
- Rocuronium
|
||||||
|
- Vecuronium
|
||||||
|
- Succinylcholine
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Other Injectable**
|
||||||
|
- Insulin (all formulations)
|
||||||
|
- Oxytocin (when used for neonatal resuscitation)
|
||||||
|
- Nitroprusside
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5.2 Oral/Enteral High-Alert Medications
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Anticoagulants**
|
||||||
|
- Warfarin (especially in infants)
|
||||||
|
- Direct oral anticoagulants (apixaban, rivaroxaban) in pediatrics
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Hypoglycemics**
|
||||||
|
- Insulin (all formulations)
|
||||||
|
- Oral hypoglycemic agents in pediatrics
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Opioids (especially for infants)**
|
||||||
|
- Liquid morphine
|
||||||
|
- Oxycodone solution
|
||||||
|
- Hydrocodone products
|
||||||
|
- Methadone
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Immunosuppressants**
|
||||||
|
- Tacrolimus
|
||||||
|
- Cyclosporine
|
||||||
|
- Mycophenolate
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Chemotherapy (Oral)**
|
||||||
|
- Mercaptopurine
|
||||||
|
- Methotrexate tablets
|
||||||
|
- All oral chemotherapy agents
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Other**
|
||||||
|
- Concentrated liquid medications requiring dilution
|
||||||
|
- Chloral hydrate (sedation)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5.3 Moderate Sedation Agents
|
||||||
|
- All agents used for moderate sedation in procedures
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 6. Procedure
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 6.1 Ordering Safeguards
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Prescriber orders must include:
|
||||||
|
- Patient weight and age
|
||||||
|
- Indication for use
|
||||||
|
- Dose with units clearly specified (mg, not mL)
|
||||||
|
- For weight-based dosing: dose per kg and total dose
|
||||||
|
- Maximum dose consideration documented
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 6.2 Independent Double-Check Process
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Required for all high-alert medications in pediatrics**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Step 1: First Pharmacist Verification
|
||||||
|
1. Obtains current patient weight
|
||||||
|
2. Calculates dose independently
|
||||||
|
3. Verifies dose against reference
|
||||||
|
4. Checks maximum dose
|
||||||
|
5. Documents calculation and verification
|
||||||
|
6. Does NOT communicate findings to second pharmacist yet
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Step 2: Second Pharmacist Independent Verification
|
||||||
|
1. Performs completely independent check
|
||||||
|
2. Obtains patient weight independently
|
||||||
|
3. Calculates dose without seeing first calculation
|
||||||
|
4. Verifies against references independently
|
||||||
|
5. Checks maximum dose independently
|
||||||
|
6. Documents independent verification
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Step 3: Comparison
|
||||||
|
1. Both pharmacists compare results
|
||||||
|
2. If calculations match and both agree dose is appropriate: PROCEED
|
||||||
|
3. If discrepancy found:
|
||||||
|
- STOP - do not dispense
|
||||||
|
- Both review calculations together
|
||||||
|
- Identify source of discrepancy
|
||||||
|
- Re-calculate as needed
|
||||||
|
- If question remains, contact prescriber
|
||||||
|
- Document discrepancy and resolution
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### Step 4: Documentation
|
||||||
|
- Both pharmacists sign/initial verification
|
||||||
|
- Use FRM-DOSE-001 or equivalent
|
||||||
|
- Maintain in pharmacy records
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 6.3 Preparation Safeguards
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. **Workspace**
|
||||||
|
- Minimize distractions during preparation
|
||||||
|
- Clear workspace of other medications
|
||||||
|
- Use separate designated area if available
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
2. **Labeling**
|
||||||
|
- Apply auxiliary label: "HIGH ALERT MEDICATION"
|
||||||
|
- Include patient-specific calculated dose on label
|
||||||
|
- For concentrated electrolytes: "MUST BE DILUTED"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
3. **Dilution (if required)**
|
||||||
|
- Use pre-mixed solutions when available
|
||||||
|
- If mixing required, independent double-check of dilution
|
||||||
|
- Label final concentration clearly
|
||||||
|
- Document dilution on preparation record
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
4. **Verification Before Dispensing**
|
||||||
|
- Right patient
|
||||||
|
- Right medication
|
||||||
|
- Right dose (verified calculation)
|
||||||
|
- Right route
|
||||||
|
- Right time/frequency
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 6.4 Storage Safeguards
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. **Concentrated Electrolytes**
|
||||||
|
- Remove from general access areas
|
||||||
|
- Store in designated, locked location
|
||||||
|
- Require override for access
|
||||||
|
- Maintain only minimal quantities
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
2. **Neuromuscular Blocking Agents**
|
||||||
|
- Separate from sedatives
|
||||||
|
- Apply warning labels: "WARNING: PARALYZING AGENT"
|
||||||
|
- Store in locked area with restricted access
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
3. **Look-Alike/Sound-Alike (LASA) Medications**
|
||||||
|
- Separate storage locations
|
||||||
|
- Tall Man lettering on bins/shelves
|
||||||
|
- Different bin colors if possible
|
||||||
|
- Alert in computer system
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 6.5 Dispensing Safeguards
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. **Final Pharmacist Check**
|
||||||
|
- Review independent double-check documentation
|
||||||
|
- Verify auxiliary labels applied
|
||||||
|
- Confirm appropriate concentration for patient age
|
||||||
|
- For inpatients: verify order in patient profile
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
2. **Patient/Family Counseling**
|
||||||
|
- Explain this is a high-alert medication
|
||||||
|
- Review extra precautions being taken
|
||||||
|
- Emphasize importance of precise dosing
|
||||||
|
- Demonstrate measurement technique
|
||||||
|
- Provide written information
|
||||||
|
- Encourage questions
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 6.6 Special Considerations by Age
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Neonates (0-28 days)**
|
||||||
|
- All opioids and sedatives require double-check (not just high-alert list)
|
||||||
|
- Extra caution with concentrated medications
|
||||||
|
- Verify gestational age considered in dosing
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Infants (29 days - 12 months)**
|
||||||
|
- Weight changes rapidly - verify current weight
|
||||||
|
- Many adult "routine" medications are high-alert in infants
|
||||||
|
- Consider developmental immaturities affecting drug response
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Children (1-12 years)**
|
||||||
|
- Ensure dose appropriate for child vs. infant dosing
|
||||||
|
- Verify maximum doses not exceeded
|
||||||
|
- Consider if weight appropriate for age (obesity/malnutrition)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Adolescents (13-18 years)**
|
||||||
|
- Verify if adult dosing appropriate or still pediatric
|
||||||
|
- Consider if dose exceeds adult maximum
|
||||||
|
- Address transition to adult care if applicable
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 7. Error Prevention Strategies
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 7.1 System-Based Safeguards
|
||||||
|
- Clinical decision support in computer system
|
||||||
|
- Hard stops for dangerous doses
|
||||||
|
- Required fields (weight, indication)
|
||||||
|
- Default maximum doses in system
|
||||||
|
- Alert fatigue management (meaningful alerts only)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 7.2 Process-Based Safeguards
|
||||||
|
- Standardized concentrations
|
||||||
|
- Pre-mixed solutions when available
|
||||||
|
- Elimination of concentrated stock when possible
|
||||||
|
- Protocols and order sets
|
||||||
|
- Independent double-check
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 7.3 Human Factors
|
||||||
|
- Minimize interruptions during critical tasks
|
||||||
|
- Adequate staffing for verification process
|
||||||
|
- Regular training and competency assessment
|
||||||
|
- Culture of safety - encouraged to speak up
|
||||||
|
- Non-punitive error reporting
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 8. Monitoring and Reporting
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 8.1 Metrics to Track
|
||||||
|
- Number of high-alert medication doses verified
|
||||||
|
- Discrepancies found in double-check process
|
||||||
|
- Errors/near misses involving high-alert medications
|
||||||
|
- Compliance with verification procedures
|
||||||
|
- Time to verification (balancing safety with efficiency)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 8.2 Reporting
|
||||||
|
- Monthly report to Pharmacy & Therapeutics Committee
|
||||||
|
- Quarterly report to Quality/Safety Committee
|
||||||
|
- Immediate reporting of serious errors or near-misses
|
||||||
|
- Annual review of high-alert medication list
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 8.3 Continuous Improvement
|
||||||
|
- Review all errors involving high-alert medications
|
||||||
|
- Implement additional safeguards as identified
|
||||||
|
- Update protocols based on new evidence
|
||||||
|
- Share learnings with staff
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 9. Training Requirements
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
All pharmacists must demonstrate competency in:
|
||||||
|
- Recognizing high-alert medications
|
||||||
|
- Performing independent double-check
|
||||||
|
- Pediatric dose calculation and verification
|
||||||
|
- Maximum dose application
|
||||||
|
- Error prevention strategies
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Annual competency assessment required (see FRM-004).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 10. Records
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Record | Location | Retention |
|
||||||
|
|--------|----------|-----------|
|
||||||
|
| Independent verification forms | Pharmacy records | Per patient record retention |
|
||||||
|
| High-alert medication list | Pharmacy policy manual | Current + 3 years |
|
||||||
|
| Error reports | Quality/Safety | 7 years |
|
||||||
|
| Metrics reports | Pharmacy quality | 3 years |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 11. Related Documents
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- FRM-DOSE-001 Pediatric Dose Calculation Worksheet
|
||||||
|
- SOP-DOSE-001 Weight-Based Dosing Verification
|
||||||
|
- SOP-CHEMO-XXX Chemotherapy Verification
|
||||||
|
- Institutional High-Alert Medication List
|
||||||
|
- ISMP List of High-Alert Medications in Pediatrics
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 12. References
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- ISMP List of High-Alert Medications in Acute Care Settings
|
||||||
|
- ISMP List of High-Alert Medications in Community/Ambulatory Settings
|
||||||
|
- Joint Commission National Patient Safety Goals
|
||||||
|
- ASHP Guidelines on Preventing Medication Errors in Hospitals
|
||||||
|
- State Board of Pharmacy regulations
|
||||||
|
- Institutional medication safety policies
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Appendix A: Pediatric-Specific LASA Medications
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Drug | Often Confused With | Differentiation Strategy |
|
||||||
|
|------|---------------------|-------------------------|
|
||||||
|
| vinBLAStine | vinCRIStine | Tall man lettering, separate storage |
|
||||||
|
| DOPamine | DOBUTamine | Tall man lettering, different concentrations |
|
||||||
|
| hydrOXYzine | hydrALAzine | Tall man lettering |
|
||||||
|
| Morphine 20 mg/mL | Morphine 2 mg/mL | Different bin colors, concentration warnings |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Appendix B: Quick Reference - When is Independent Double-Check Required?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
☑ All chemotherapy/antineoplastic agents
|
||||||
|
☑ Insulin (all formulations)
|
||||||
|
☑ Anticoagulants (heparin, enoxaparin)
|
||||||
|
☑ Concentrated electrolytes
|
||||||
|
☑ Opioids in neonates/infants
|
||||||
|
☑ Neuromuscular blocking agents
|
||||||
|
☑ Vasoactive drips
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Revision History
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Rev | Date | Description | Author |
|
||||||
|
|-----|------|-------------|--------|
|
||||||
|
| 1.0 | [DATE] | Initial release | [AUTHOR] |
|
||||||
164
SOPs/SOP-001-Document-Control.md
Normal file
164
SOPs/SOP-001-Document-Control.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
|
|||||||
|
# Standard Operating Procedure: Document Control
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Document ID | SOP-001 |
|
||||||
|
|-------------|---------|
|
||||||
|
| Title | Document Control |
|
||||||
|
| Revision | 1.0 |
|
||||||
|
| Effective Date | [DATE] |
|
||||||
|
| Author | [AUTHOR] |
|
||||||
|
| Approved By | [APPROVER] |
|
||||||
|
| Department | Pediatric Pharmacy - Quality |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 1. Purpose
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
To establish a standardized process for the creation, review, approval, distribution, and revision of all pediatric pharmacy Quality Management System (QMS) documents.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 2. Scope
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This procedure applies to all controlled documents within the pediatric pharmacy QMS, including:
|
||||||
|
- Policies
|
||||||
|
- Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)
|
||||||
|
- Work Instructions (WIs)
|
||||||
|
- Forms and Templates
|
||||||
|
- Dosing protocols and guidelines
|
||||||
|
- Compounding formulations
|
||||||
|
- Training materials
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 3. Responsibilities
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3.1 Quality Manager
|
||||||
|
- Oversees the document control system
|
||||||
|
- Ensures documents are reviewed and approved appropriately
|
||||||
|
- Maintains the master document list
|
||||||
|
- Coordinates periodic reviews
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3.2 Document Owners
|
||||||
|
- Initiates creation or revision of documents
|
||||||
|
- Ensures technical accuracy and clinical appropriateness
|
||||||
|
- Coordinates reviews with subject matter experts
|
||||||
|
- Maintains pediatric-specific content accuracy
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3.3 Approvers
|
||||||
|
- Reviews documents for compliance and quality
|
||||||
|
- Provides final approval for implementation
|
||||||
|
- Ensures pediatric safety considerations are addressed
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3.4 All Pharmacy Staff
|
||||||
|
- Uses only current, approved versions of documents
|
||||||
|
- Reports discrepancies or improvement opportunities
|
||||||
|
- Follows documented procedures
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 4. Definitions
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Term | Definition |
|
||||||
|
|------|------------|
|
||||||
|
| Controlled Document | Any document that is part of the QMS and subject to version control |
|
||||||
|
| Master Document List | Comprehensive list of all controlled documents |
|
||||||
|
| Revision | Any change to a controlled document requiring re-approval |
|
||||||
|
| Obsolete Document | Document that is no longer current and has been superseded |
|
||||||
|
| Effective Date | Date when a new or revised document becomes active |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 5. Procedure
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5.1 Document Creation
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. Document owner identifies need for new document
|
||||||
|
2. Selects appropriate template from `/Templates`
|
||||||
|
3. Drafts document following standard format
|
||||||
|
4. Ensures pediatric-specific considerations are included
|
||||||
|
5. Assigns unique document ID according to numbering convention
|
||||||
|
6. Routes for technical review
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5.2 Document Review
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. Subject matter experts review for technical accuracy
|
||||||
|
2. Quality Manager reviews for compliance with standards
|
||||||
|
3. Clinical pharmacist reviews for pediatric appropriateness
|
||||||
|
4. Reviewers provide feedback within 5 business days
|
||||||
|
5. Document owner incorporates feedback
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5.3 Document Approval
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. Document owner submits final version for approval
|
||||||
|
2. Approver reviews complete document
|
||||||
|
3. Approver signs/dates document or provides approval comment
|
||||||
|
4. Quality Manager assigns effective date (minimum 7 days from approval)
|
||||||
|
5. Document added to Master Document List
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5.4 Document Distribution
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. Quality Manager publishes approved document to repository
|
||||||
|
2. Notification sent to all affected personnel
|
||||||
|
3. Training conducted if required
|
||||||
|
4. Old version moved to archive (if revision)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5.5 Document Revision
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. Anyone may initiate revision request via change request form
|
||||||
|
2. Document owner evaluates need for revision
|
||||||
|
3. If approved, follows creation process with new revision number
|
||||||
|
4. Revision history table updated with change description
|
||||||
|
5. All copies of previous version removed from use
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5.6 Periodic Review
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. All documents reviewed at least annually
|
||||||
|
2. Review verifies:
|
||||||
|
- Content remains accurate and current
|
||||||
|
- Regulatory references are up to date
|
||||||
|
- Pediatric practice standards are current
|
||||||
|
- Process remains effective
|
||||||
|
3. Review documented even if no changes made
|
||||||
|
4. Documents may be re-approved or revised as needed
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5.7 Document Numbering Convention
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- **POL-XXX**: Policies
|
||||||
|
- **SOP-DOSE-XXX**: Dosing Verification SOPs
|
||||||
|
- **SOP-COMP-XXX**: Compounding SOPs
|
||||||
|
- **SOP-CHEMO-XXX**: Chemotherapy SOPs
|
||||||
|
- **SOP-SAF-XXX**: Patient Safety SOPs
|
||||||
|
- **SOP-CS-XXX**: Controlled Substance SOPs
|
||||||
|
- **SOP-INV-XXX**: Inventory SOPs
|
||||||
|
- **SOP-GEN-XXX**: General SOPs
|
||||||
|
- **WI-XXX**: Work Instructions
|
||||||
|
- **FRM-XXX**: Forms
|
||||||
|
- **LOG-XXX**: Logs
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 6. Version Control
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- Major revisions: Change whole number (1.0 → 2.0)
|
||||||
|
- Minor revisions: Change decimal (1.0 → 1.1)
|
||||||
|
- All revisions require re-approval
|
||||||
|
- Revision history maintained in document footer
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 7. Records
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Record | Location | Retention |
|
||||||
|
|--------|----------|-----------|
|
||||||
|
| Master Document List | Quality folder | Permanent |
|
||||||
|
| Obsolete documents | Archive folder | 3 years after obsolescence |
|
||||||
|
| Change requests | Quality records | 3 years |
|
||||||
|
| Review records | Quality records | 3 years |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 8. Related Documents
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- FRM-001 Document Change Request
|
||||||
|
- Master Document List
|
||||||
|
- Document templates in `/Templates`
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 9. References
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- ISO 9001:2015 Section 7.5 (Documented Information)
|
||||||
|
- FDA 21 CFR Part 211.186 (Master Production and Control Records)
|
||||||
|
- State Board of Pharmacy record-keeping requirements
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Revision History
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Rev | Date | Description | Author |
|
||||||
|
|-----|------|-------------|--------|
|
||||||
|
| 1.0 | [DATE] | Initial release | [AUTHOR] |
|
||||||
219
SOPs/SOP-002-CAPA.md
Normal file
219
SOPs/SOP-002-CAPA.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
|
|||||||
|
# Standard Operating Procedure: Corrective and Preventive Action (CAPA)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Document ID | SOP-002 |
|
||||||
|
|-------------|---------|
|
||||||
|
| Title | Corrective and Preventive Action (CAPA) |
|
||||||
|
| Revision | 1.0 |
|
||||||
|
| Effective Date | [DATE] |
|
||||||
|
| Author | [AUTHOR] |
|
||||||
|
| Approved By | [APPROVER] |
|
||||||
|
| Department | Pediatric Pharmacy - Quality |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 1. Purpose
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
To establish a systematic approach for identifying, investigating, and resolving quality issues in pediatric pharmacy operations, and for implementing preventive measures to minimize recurrence of pediatric medication errors and safety events.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 2. Scope
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This procedure applies to all quality events in pediatric pharmacy, including:
|
||||||
|
- Pediatric medication errors (actual and potential)
|
||||||
|
- Dosing calculation errors
|
||||||
|
- Compounding deviations
|
||||||
|
- Equipment failures affecting pediatric preparations
|
||||||
|
- Process non-conformances
|
||||||
|
- Patient/family complaints
|
||||||
|
- Near-miss events specific to pediatric medications
|
||||||
|
- Regulatory observations or deficiencies
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 3. Responsibilities
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3.1 All Pharmacy Personnel
|
||||||
|
- Report quality events immediately
|
||||||
|
- Participate in investigations
|
||||||
|
- Implement corrective actions as assigned
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3.2 Quality Manager
|
||||||
|
- Oversees CAPA process
|
||||||
|
- Assigns investigations
|
||||||
|
- Tracks CAPA completion
|
||||||
|
- Reviews effectiveness of actions
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3.3 Pediatric Pharmacy Manager
|
||||||
|
- Approves corrective and preventive actions
|
||||||
|
- Allocates resources for implementation
|
||||||
|
- Reviews trends in pediatric medication events
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3.4 Investigation Team
|
||||||
|
- Conducts root cause analysis
|
||||||
|
- Develops action plans
|
||||||
|
- Implements and verifies effectiveness
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 4. Definitions
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Term | Definition |
|
||||||
|
|------|------------|
|
||||||
|
| CAPA | Corrective and Preventive Action |
|
||||||
|
| Corrective Action | Action to eliminate the cause of a detected nonconformity |
|
||||||
|
| Preventive Action | Action to eliminate the cause of a potential nonconformity |
|
||||||
|
| Root Cause | Fundamental reason for an event's occurrence |
|
||||||
|
| Medication Error | Any preventable event that may cause or lead to inappropriate medication use or patient harm |
|
||||||
|
| Near Miss | Event that could have resulted in harm but did not reach the patient |
|
||||||
|
| Sentinel Event | Unexpected occurrence involving death or serious physical/psychological injury |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 5. Procedure
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5.1 Event Identification and Reporting
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. **Immediate Response**
|
||||||
|
- If patient safety is at risk, take immediate action to prevent harm
|
||||||
|
- For pediatric medication errors reaching patient, notify prescriber and document
|
||||||
|
- Notify supervisor and pharmacy manager immediately for serious events
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
2. **Event Documentation**
|
||||||
|
- Complete medication error report within 24 hours
|
||||||
|
- Include patient age, weight, and calculated dose
|
||||||
|
- Document all relevant facts without speculation
|
||||||
|
- Classify severity using institutional scale
|
||||||
|
- Report to external systems as required (state board, ISMP)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
3. **Initial Assessment**
|
||||||
|
- Quality Manager reviews within 24 hours
|
||||||
|
- Determine if CAPA is required
|
||||||
|
- Assign severity and priority
|
||||||
|
- Initiate CAPA form
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5.2 Investigation
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. **Team Assignment**
|
||||||
|
- Quality Manager assigns investigation team
|
||||||
|
- Include pediatric pharmacist if dosing-related
|
||||||
|
- Include compounding specialist if preparation-related
|
||||||
|
- Team leader designated
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
2. **Data Collection**
|
||||||
|
- Gather all relevant information
|
||||||
|
- Interview involved personnel
|
||||||
|
- Review related documentation
|
||||||
|
- Examine physical evidence (if applicable)
|
||||||
|
- Calculate what dose was intended vs. what was prepared/dispensed
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
3. **Root Cause Analysis**
|
||||||
|
- Use appropriate tools (5 Whys, Fishbone diagram, etc.)
|
||||||
|
- Identify all contributing factors:
|
||||||
|
- Human factors (calculation error, distraction, fatigue)
|
||||||
|
- Process factors (unclear protocols, verification gaps)
|
||||||
|
- System factors (inadequate tools, staffing issues)
|
||||||
|
- Environmental factors (interruptions, workspace design)
|
||||||
|
- Document analysis in CAPA form
|
||||||
|
- Avoid blame; focus on system improvements
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5.3 Action Planning
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. **Develop Corrective Actions**
|
||||||
|
- Address immediate issue
|
||||||
|
- Prevent recurrence
|
||||||
|
- Consider hierarchy of controls:
|
||||||
|
- Elimination (remove the hazard)
|
||||||
|
- Substitution (replace with safer alternative)
|
||||||
|
- Engineering controls (equipment, software verification)
|
||||||
|
- Administrative controls (policies, training)
|
||||||
|
- PPE/other safeguards (alerts, forcing functions)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
2. **Develop Preventive Actions**
|
||||||
|
- Identify similar risks in other processes
|
||||||
|
- Implement preventive measures
|
||||||
|
- Update procedures or protocols
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
3. **Action Plan Documentation**
|
||||||
|
- Assign responsibility for each action
|
||||||
|
- Set target completion dates
|
||||||
|
- Define success criteria
|
||||||
|
- Identify required resources
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5.4 Implementation
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. Execute action plan according to timeline
|
||||||
|
2. Update SOPs, work instructions, or forms as needed
|
||||||
|
3. Communicate changes to all affected staff
|
||||||
|
4. Provide training if procedures changed
|
||||||
|
5. Document completion of each action
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5.5 Effectiveness Check
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. **Verification** (within 30 days of implementation)
|
||||||
|
- Verify actions were implemented as planned
|
||||||
|
- Confirm staff are following new procedures
|
||||||
|
- Check for unintended consequences
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
2. **Validation** (30-90 days after implementation)
|
||||||
|
- Analyze data to confirm problem resolved
|
||||||
|
- Monitor for recurrence
|
||||||
|
- Review related metrics
|
||||||
|
- For pediatric medication errors, review if similar errors have occurred
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
3. **Documentation**
|
||||||
|
- Document effectiveness check results
|
||||||
|
- If ineffective, re-open CAPA and revise action plan
|
||||||
|
- If effective, close CAPA with Quality Manager approval
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5.6 CAPA Closure
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. Quality Manager reviews completed CAPA
|
||||||
|
2. Verifies all actions completed
|
||||||
|
3. Confirms effectiveness demonstrated
|
||||||
|
4. Approves closure
|
||||||
|
5. Files CAPA record
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5.7 Trending and Analysis
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. Quality Manager reviews all CAPAs quarterly
|
||||||
|
2. Identify trends:
|
||||||
|
- Types of pediatric medication errors
|
||||||
|
- Medications frequently involved
|
||||||
|
- Time of day patterns
|
||||||
|
- Staff training needs
|
||||||
|
3. Report to management and pharmacy staff
|
||||||
|
4. Initiate preventive actions for trends identified
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 6. Pediatric-Specific Considerations
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- **Dosing Errors**: Analyze calculation methods, reference sources, verification processes
|
||||||
|
- **Age-Appropriate Issues**: Review if formulation, concentration, or route was suitable for patient age
|
||||||
|
- **Communication**: Consider if parent/guardian counseling could have prevented issue
|
||||||
|
- **Off-Label Use**: Review documentation and clinical justification
|
||||||
|
- **High-Alert Medications**: Ensure additional safeguards in place for pediatric use
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 7. Records
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Record | Location | Retention |
|
||||||
|
|--------|----------|-----------|
|
||||||
|
| CAPA Forms | Quality records | 5 years |
|
||||||
|
| Medication error reports | Pharmacy records | 5 years |
|
||||||
|
| Root cause analysis | CAPA file | 5 years |
|
||||||
|
| Effectiveness checks | CAPA file | 5 years |
|
||||||
|
| Trend reports | Quality records | 3 years |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 8. Related Documents
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- FRM-003 CAPA Form
|
||||||
|
- Medication Error Reporting Policy
|
||||||
|
- POL-001 Pediatric Pharmacy Quality Policy
|
||||||
|
- SOP-SAF-XXX Medication Error Prevention
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 9. References
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- ISMP Guidelines for Pediatric Medication Safety
|
||||||
|
- FDA Guidance for Industry: CGMP for Drugs
|
||||||
|
- Joint Commission Sentinel Event Policy
|
||||||
|
- State Board of Pharmacy reporting requirements
|
||||||
|
- ISO 9001:2015 Section 10.2 (Nonconformity and Corrective Action)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Revision History
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Rev | Date | Description | Author |
|
||||||
|
|-----|------|-------------|--------|
|
||||||
|
| 1.0 | [DATE] | Initial release | [AUTHOR] |
|
||||||
269
SOPs/SOP-003-Training.md
Normal file
269
SOPs/SOP-003-Training.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,269 @@
|
|||||||
|
# Standard Operating Procedure: Training and Competency
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Document ID | SOP-003 |
|
||||||
|
|-------------|---------|
|
||||||
|
| Title | Training and Competency |
|
||||||
|
| Revision | 1.0 |
|
||||||
|
| Effective Date | [DATE] |
|
||||||
|
| Author | [AUTHOR] |
|
||||||
|
| Approved By | [APPROVER] |
|
||||||
|
| Department | Pediatric Pharmacy |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 1. Purpose
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
To ensure all pediatric pharmacy personnel are properly trained, competent, and maintain current knowledge in pediatric pharmaceutical care, medication safety, and specialized pediatric pharmacy practices.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 2. Scope
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This procedure applies to all personnel involved in pediatric pharmacy operations, including:
|
||||||
|
- Pediatric pharmacists
|
||||||
|
- Pharmacy technicians working with pediatric medications
|
||||||
|
- Pharmacy students and residents in pediatric rotations
|
||||||
|
- Compounding personnel preparing pediatric formulations
|
||||||
|
- Quality and administrative staff
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 3. Responsibilities
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3.1 Pharmacy Director
|
||||||
|
- Ensures adequate training resources
|
||||||
|
- Approves training program
|
||||||
|
- Reviews competency trends
|
||||||
|
- Ensures regulatory compliance
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3.2 Training Coordinator
|
||||||
|
- Maintains training records
|
||||||
|
- Schedules training sessions
|
||||||
|
- Tracks competency assessments
|
||||||
|
- Coordinates continuing education
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3.3 Department Managers/Preceptors
|
||||||
|
- Identifies training needs
|
||||||
|
- Provides on-the-job training
|
||||||
|
- Conducts competency assessments
|
||||||
|
- Documents training completion
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3.4 All Personnel
|
||||||
|
- Complete required training
|
||||||
|
- Demonstrate competency
|
||||||
|
- Maintain continuing education
|
||||||
|
- Report training needs
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 4. Definitions
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Term | Definition |
|
||||||
|
|------|------------|
|
||||||
|
| Competency | Demonstrated ability to perform job functions safely and accurately |
|
||||||
|
| Initial Training | Training provided before independent practice |
|
||||||
|
| Ongoing Training | Periodic training to maintain and update skills |
|
||||||
|
| Competency Assessment | Evaluation of ability to perform specific tasks |
|
||||||
|
| Preceptor | Licensed pharmacist qualified to train and assess others |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 5. Procedure
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5.1 Training Needs Assessment
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. **New Hire Assessment**
|
||||||
|
- Review job description and required competencies
|
||||||
|
- Assess prior experience with pediatric pharmacy
|
||||||
|
- Identify knowledge gaps
|
||||||
|
- Develop individualized training plan
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
2. **Ongoing Needs**
|
||||||
|
- Annual competency reviews
|
||||||
|
- New procedures or equipment
|
||||||
|
- Quality events or errors
|
||||||
|
- Regulatory changes
|
||||||
|
- Expansion of services
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5.2 Initial Training Program
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### 5.2.1 General Orientation (All Staff)
|
||||||
|
- Facility tour and emergency procedures
|
||||||
|
- Introduction to pediatric patient population
|
||||||
|
- Quality Management System overview
|
||||||
|
- Documentation requirements
|
||||||
|
- HIPAA and patient privacy for minors
|
||||||
|
- Medication error reporting
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### 5.2.2 Pediatric Pharmacy Fundamentals (All Clinical Staff)
|
||||||
|
- Pediatric developmental stages (neonate, infant, child, adolescent)
|
||||||
|
- Weight-based and BSA-based dosing principles
|
||||||
|
- Pediatric dosing references and resources
|
||||||
|
- Common pediatric medications and indications
|
||||||
|
- Off-label medication use in pediatrics
|
||||||
|
- Pediatric high-alert medications
|
||||||
|
- Age-appropriate counseling techniques
|
||||||
|
- Parent/guardian communication
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### 5.2.3 Dosing and Calculations (Pharmacists and Technicians)
|
||||||
|
- Dosing calculation methods (mg/kg, mg/m²)
|
||||||
|
- Maximum dose verification
|
||||||
|
- Dilution calculations for neonates
|
||||||
|
- BSA calculation methods (Mosteller, DuBois)
|
||||||
|
- Use of dosing calculators and verification tools
|
||||||
|
- Independent double-check procedures
|
||||||
|
- Common calculation errors and prevention
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### 5.2.4 Pediatric Compounding (Compounding Staff)
|
||||||
|
- USP <795> pediatric applications
|
||||||
|
- USP <797> for neonatal/pediatric sterile preparations
|
||||||
|
- Suspension preparation from solids
|
||||||
|
- Flavoring systems and palatability
|
||||||
|
- Low-concentration formulations
|
||||||
|
- Unit-dose preparation
|
||||||
|
- Stability and beyond-use dating for pediatric formulations
|
||||||
|
- Aseptic technique for small volumes
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### 5.2.5 Specialized Areas (As Applicable)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Neonatal Pharmacy**
|
||||||
|
- Prematurity and gestational age considerations
|
||||||
|
- Neonatal dosing adjustments
|
||||||
|
- TPN compounding for neonates
|
||||||
|
- Medication administration in NICU
|
||||||
|
- Drug concentrations for neonatal use
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Pediatric Oncology**
|
||||||
|
- Chemotherapy dosing (BSA-based)
|
||||||
|
- USP <800> compliance
|
||||||
|
- Pediatric chemotherapy protocols
|
||||||
|
- Supportive care medications
|
||||||
|
- Safe handling and disposal
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Controlled Substances**
|
||||||
|
- DEA requirements for minors
|
||||||
|
- Opioid dosing in children
|
||||||
|
- Controlled substance documentation
|
||||||
|
- Prescription monitoring programs
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5.3 Competency Assessment
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### 5.3.1 Initial Competency
|
||||||
|
Must demonstrate competency before independent practice:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Written Assessment**
|
||||||
|
- Pediatric pharmacy knowledge test (minimum 80%)
|
||||||
|
- Dosing calculation test (100% accuracy required)
|
||||||
|
- Medication safety scenarios
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Practical Assessment**
|
||||||
|
- Dosing calculation with verification
|
||||||
|
- Prescription order processing
|
||||||
|
- Compounding technique (if applicable)
|
||||||
|
- Patient counseling simulation
|
||||||
|
- Computer system use
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Direct Observation**
|
||||||
|
- Preceptor observes minimum 20 orders/preparations
|
||||||
|
- Uses standardized competency checklist
|
||||||
|
- Documents satisfactory performance
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### 5.3.2 Ongoing Competency
|
||||||
|
Assessed annually for all staff:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Annual Competencies**
|
||||||
|
- Dosing calculations (5-10 scenarios, 100% required)
|
||||||
|
- High-alert medication protocols
|
||||||
|
- Medication error prevention
|
||||||
|
- One specialty area relevant to role
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Triggered Competencies**
|
||||||
|
- After medication error (within 30 days)
|
||||||
|
- New equipment or technology
|
||||||
|
- New procedures or protocols
|
||||||
|
- Return from extended leave (>6 months)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5.4 Continuing Education
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### 5.4.1 Requirements
|
||||||
|
- Pharmacists: State board requirements + 5 hours pediatric-specific annually
|
||||||
|
- Technicians: State board requirements + 3 hours pediatric-specific annually
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#### 5.4.2 Approved Activities
|
||||||
|
- Pediatric pharmacy conferences (PPAG, ASHP)
|
||||||
|
- Online CE with pediatric focus
|
||||||
|
- Journal clubs on pediatric topics
|
||||||
|
- In-service training programs
|
||||||
|
- Specialty certification preparation (BCPPS)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5.5 Documentation
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. **Training Records**
|
||||||
|
- Training date and topic
|
||||||
|
- Trainer name
|
||||||
|
- Training method (classroom, online, OJT)
|
||||||
|
- Completion status
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
2. **Competency Records**
|
||||||
|
- Date of assessment
|
||||||
|
- Assessor name
|
||||||
|
- Competency demonstrated
|
||||||
|
- Score/result
|
||||||
|
- Remediation if needed
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
3. **File Maintenance**
|
||||||
|
- Individual training files for each employee
|
||||||
|
- Accessible for inspections
|
||||||
|
- Updated within 30 days of training
|
||||||
|
- Retained per regulatory requirements
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5.6 Remediation
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
If competency not demonstrated:
|
||||||
|
1. Identify specific deficiency
|
||||||
|
2. Provide additional training/practice
|
||||||
|
3. Re-assess within 30 days
|
||||||
|
4. Document remediation and outcome
|
||||||
|
5. Escalate to Pharmacy Director if unsuccessful after second attempt
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5.7 Preceptor Qualification
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
To serve as preceptor/trainer:
|
||||||
|
- Licensed pharmacist with minimum 2 years pediatric pharmacy experience
|
||||||
|
- Demonstrated competency in area of training
|
||||||
|
- Completed preceptor training program
|
||||||
|
- Annual review of preceptor performance
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 6. Pediatric-Specific Competencies
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
All pediatric pharmacy staff must demonstrate:
|
||||||
|
- Accurate weight-based dosing calculations
|
||||||
|
- Recognition of age-inappropriate doses
|
||||||
|
- Identification of pediatric high-alert medications
|
||||||
|
- Appropriate use of pediatric dosing references
|
||||||
|
- Understanding of developmental considerations
|
||||||
|
- Effective parent/guardian communication
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 7. Records
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Record | Location | Retention |
|
||||||
|
|--------|----------|-----------|
|
||||||
|
| Individual training files | HR/Pharmacy | Duration of employment + 3 years |
|
||||||
|
| Competency assessments | Training files | 3 years |
|
||||||
|
| Training attendance logs | Training coordinator | 3 years |
|
||||||
|
| CE certificates | Individual files | Per state board requirements |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 8. Related Documents
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- FRM-004 Training Record
|
||||||
|
- FRM-XXX Competency Assessment Checklists
|
||||||
|
- Job Descriptions
|
||||||
|
- Annual Competency Calendar
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 9. References
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- State Board of Pharmacy CE requirements
|
||||||
|
- USP <795>, <797>, <800> training requirements
|
||||||
|
- ASHP Guidelines on Pharmacy Technician Training
|
||||||
|
- PPAG Pediatric Pharmacy Practice Standards
|
||||||
|
- Joint Commission HR standards
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Revision History
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Rev | Date | Description | Author |
|
||||||
|
|-----|------|-------------|--------|
|
||||||
|
| 1.0 | [DATE] | Initial release | [AUTHOR] |
|
||||||
97
Templates/SOP-Template.md
Normal file
97
Templates/SOP-Template.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
|
|||||||
|
# Standard Operating Procedure: [Title]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Document ID | SOP-XXX |
|
||||||
|
|-------------|---------|
|
||||||
|
| Title | [Title] |
|
||||||
|
| Revision | 1.0 |
|
||||||
|
| Effective Date | [DATE] |
|
||||||
|
| Author | [AUTHOR] |
|
||||||
|
| Approved By | [APPROVER] |
|
||||||
|
| Department | Pediatric Pharmacy |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 1. Purpose
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[State the purpose of this pediatric pharmacy procedure]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 2. Scope
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[Define the scope and applicability - specify age ranges (neonate, infant, child, adolescent) if relevant]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 3. Responsibilities
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3.1 Pediatric Pharmacist
|
||||||
|
- [Responsibility specific to pediatric pharmaceutical care]
|
||||||
|
- [Responsibility]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3.2 Pharmacy Technician (Pediatric-Trained)
|
||||||
|
- [Responsibility]
|
||||||
|
- [Responsibility]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 3.3 [Other Role]
|
||||||
|
- [Responsibility]
|
||||||
|
- [Responsibility]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 4. Definitions
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Term | Definition |
|
||||||
|
|------|------------|
|
||||||
|
| Neonate | Infant from birth to 28 days of age |
|
||||||
|
| Infant | Child from 29 days to 12 months of age |
|
||||||
|
| Child | Person from 1 year to 12 years of age |
|
||||||
|
| Adolescent | Person from 13 years to 18 years of age |
|
||||||
|
| Weight-based dosing | Medication dose calculated based on patient weight (mg/kg) |
|
||||||
|
| BSA-based dosing | Medication dose calculated based on body surface area (mg/m²) |
|
||||||
|
| Off-label use | Use of medication outside FDA-approved age, indication, or dosing |
|
||||||
|
| [Add other terms] | [Definition] |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 5. Procedure
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5.1 [Section Title]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[Procedure steps specific to pediatric pharmacy]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5.2 Dosing Verification (if applicable)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. Verify patient weight and age
|
||||||
|
2. Calculate dose using appropriate formula
|
||||||
|
3. Verify dose is within age-appropriate range
|
||||||
|
4. Verify maximum dose not exceeded
|
||||||
|
5. Independent verification by second pharmacist
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### 5.3 [Additional Section]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[Procedure steps]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 6. Safety Considerations
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[Pediatric-specific safety considerations, such as:]
|
||||||
|
- High-alert medication protocols
|
||||||
|
- Calculation verification requirements
|
||||||
|
- Age-appropriate formulation selection
|
||||||
|
- Dilution requirements for neonatal use
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 7. Related Documents
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- [List related procedures, forms, dosing references, etc.]
|
||||||
|
- POL-001 Pediatric Pharmacy Quality Policy
|
||||||
|
- [Pediatric dosing guidelines]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 8. References
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- USP <795> Pharmaceutical Compounding - Nonsterile Preparations
|
||||||
|
- USP <797> Pharmaceutical Compounding - Sterile Preparations
|
||||||
|
- USP <800> Hazardous Drugs - Handling in Healthcare Settings
|
||||||
|
- ISMP Guidelines for Pediatric Medication Safety
|
||||||
|
- AAP/PPAG Pediatric Pharmacy Practice Guidelines
|
||||||
|
- [Facility-specific references]
|
||||||
|
- [State Board of Pharmacy regulations]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Revision History
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Rev | Date | Description | Author |
|
||||||
|
|-----|------|-------------|--------|
|
||||||
|
| 1.0 | [DATE] | Initial release | [AUTHOR] |
|
||||||
92
Work Instructions/WI-001-Template.md
Normal file
92
Work Instructions/WI-001-Template.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
|
|||||||
|
# Work Instruction: [Title]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Document ID | WI-001 |
|
||||||
|
|-------------|--------|
|
||||||
|
| Title | [Title] |
|
||||||
|
| Revision | 1.0 |
|
||||||
|
| Effective Date | [DATE] |
|
||||||
|
| Author | [AUTHOR] |
|
||||||
|
| Approved By | [APPROVER] |
|
||||||
|
| Department | Pediatric Pharmacy |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 1. Purpose
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[Describe the purpose of this pediatric pharmacy work instruction]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 2. Scope
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[Define what activities this instruction covers and applicable patient populations]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 3. Safety Precautions
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- [List any safety requirements specific to pediatric preparations]
|
||||||
|
- [Personal protective equipment needed]
|
||||||
|
- [Hazards to be aware of]
|
||||||
|
- [Age-specific considerations]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 4. Equipment/Materials Required
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Item | Specification |
|
||||||
|
|------|---------------|
|
||||||
|
| [Equipment] | [Spec - include pediatric-specific items like oral syringes, small volume supplies] |
|
||||||
|
| [Materials] | [Spec] |
|
||||||
|
| [References] | Pediatric dosing references, calculation tools |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 5. Procedure
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Step 1: Patient Verification
|
||||||
|
- Verify patient name, age, weight
|
||||||
|
- Confirm appropriate for pediatric patient
|
||||||
|
- [Additional verification steps]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Step 2: Calculation/Preparation
|
||||||
|
[Detailed instructions including:]
|
||||||
|
- Formula or calculation method
|
||||||
|
- Units of measurement
|
||||||
|
- Independent verification requirement
|
||||||
|
- [Additional steps]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Step 3: [Title]
|
||||||
|
[Detailed instructions]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Step 4: Quality Check
|
||||||
|
- Visual inspection
|
||||||
|
- Volume verification
|
||||||
|
- Label verification (patient-specific)
|
||||||
|
- Expiration dating appropriate for pediatric use
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Step 5: [Final Steps]
|
||||||
|
[Detailed instructions]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 6. Acceptance Criteria
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[Define what constitutes successful completion, including:]
|
||||||
|
- Accurate dose calculation within acceptable range
|
||||||
|
- Appropriate concentration for patient age
|
||||||
|
- Proper labeling with age-appropriate instructions
|
||||||
|
- Documentation complete
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 7. Documentation Requirements
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Record | Location | Retention |
|
||||||
|
|--------|----------|-----------|
|
||||||
|
| [Calculation worksheet] | Patient record | [Period] |
|
||||||
|
| [Compounding log] | Pharmacy records | [Period] |
|
||||||
|
| [Verification signature] | Batch record | [Period] |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 8. References
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- [Related SOPs]
|
||||||
|
- [Pediatric dosing guidelines]
|
||||||
|
- [Manufacturer specifications]
|
||||||
|
- [USP standards]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Revision History
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Rev | Date | Description | Author |
|
||||||
|
|-----|------|-------------|--------|
|
||||||
|
| 1.0 | [DATE] | Initial release | [AUTHOR] |
|
||||||
Reference in New Lab Ticket
Block a user